Dissolved trace metal and macronutrient concentrations from field samples collected during the EXPORTS North Atlantic campaign at the Porcupine Abyssal Plain-Sustained Observatory (PAP-SO) site on board the RRS Discovery (DY131) in May 2021

This dataset includes dissolved trace metal (manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, cadmium, zinc, lead) and macronutrient (nitrate+nitrite, phosphate, silicic acid, nitrite) concentration data from field samples collected during the EXPORTS North Atlantic campaign at the Porcupine Abyssal Plain-Sustained Observatory (PAP-SO) site on board the RRS Discovery (DY131). These data were primarily collected opportunistically during the course of water collection for incubation experiments (see separate dataset for incubations), and provide field context for the shipboard incubation experiments as well as temporal characterization of a retentive anticyclonic eddy occupied over the course of the cruise. This research focuses on the vertical export of the carbon associated with a major group of phytoplankton, the diatoms in the North Atlantic near the Porcupine Abyssal Plain. The major objective is to understand how diatom community composition and the prevailing nutrient conditions create taxonomic differences in metabolic state that combine to direct diatom taxa to different carbon export pathways. The focus is on diatoms, given their large contribution to global marine primary productivity and carbon export which translates into a significant contribution to the biogeochemical cycling of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), iron (Fe) and silicon (Si). It is hypothesized that the type and degree of diatom physiological stress are vital aspects of ecosystem state that drive export. To test this hypothesis, combined investigator expertise in phytoplankton physiology, genomics, and trace element chemistry is used to assess the rates of nutrient use and the genetic composition and response of diatom communities, with measurements of silicon and iron stress to evaluate stress as a predictor of the path of diatom carbon export. The EXPORTS field campaign in the North Atlantic sampled a retentive eddy over nearly a month in May 2021, which coincided with the decline of the North Atlantic Spring Bloom.本数据集包含EXPORTS北大西洋航次期间，于豪猪深渊平原-持续观测站（Porcupine Abyssal Plain-Sustained Observatory, PAP-SO）站点，搭载RRS Discovery科考船（航次编号DY131）采集的现场样本数据，涵盖溶解态痕量金属（锰、铁、钴、镍、铜、镉、锌、铅）与大量营养盐（硝酸盐+亚硝酸盐、磷酸盐、硅酸、亚硝酸盐）的浓度信息。此类数据主要为开展培养实验采集水样时附带获取（培养实验相关数据详见独立数据集），可为船载培养实验提供现场背景支撑，并表征科考航次期间占据观测区域的滞留反气旋涡的时间变化特征。 本研究聚焦北大西洋豪猪深渊平原附近海域，与主要浮游植物类群——硅藻相关的碳垂直输出过程。核心研究目标为阐明硅藻群落组成与主导营养盐环境如何共同塑造代谢状态的分类学差异，进而引导不同硅藻类群采取差异化的碳输出路径。选择硅藻作为研究对象，是因其在全球海洋初级生产力与碳输出中占比可观，进而对碳（C）、氮（N）、磷（P）、铁（Fe）与硅（Si）的生物地球化学循环具有重要贡献。本研究提出假设：硅藻生理胁迫的类型与程度是驱动碳输出的生态系统状态关键要素。为验证该假设，研究整合了浮游植物生理学、基因组学与痕量元素化学领域的专业研究力量，通过评估营养盐利用速率、硅藻群落的遗传组成与响应特征，并结合硅与铁胁迫的测量结果，以探究胁迫作为硅藻碳输出路径预测因子的可行性。EXPORTS北大西洋野外科考航次于2021年5月对一处滞留反气旋涡开展了近一个月的采样工作，该时段恰好对应北大西洋春季藻华的消退阶段。