Macroevolutionary divergence along allometric lines of least resistance in frog hindlimb traits and its effect on locomotor evolution

Understanding whether and why microevolutionary patterns of trait covariation match macroevolutionary divergence is essential for linking evolution at different timescales. However, recent work has focused on developmental constraints for alignment between intraspecific variation and divergence, neglecting a potential role of natural selection on function to connect these scales. Here, we compare the support for the selection and constraint hypotheses to explain both phenotypic trait covariation and species divergence. To test these hypotheses, we collected data on hindlimb and jumping performance traits within and across species of two frog genera. We compared patterns of within-species phenotypic variation (the P-matrix) with divergence and selective covariance matrices, from which we could extract the major axes of the realized adaptive landscape (AL), the directions in which adaptive peaks shifted the most over evolutionary time. We also tested whether the major axes of the AL were ..., The dataset was collected using a force plate and the software BioWare to measure jumping performance on live frogs collected in French Guiana, a caliper to measure hindlimb dimensions and a scale to measure body mass, both in live frogs and museum specimens. 
The force traces were processed using a MATLAB script to extract acceleration and velocity for each jumping peak analyzed. Then, peak jumping performance values were extracted for each specimen using R programming environment.
Morphological and jumping performance data were subsequently analyzed to contruct phenotypic covariance matrices and divergence matrices (rate matrices), and test whether variation within-species matched divergence across species. We also tested the role of selection on hindlimb morphology associated with jumping performance and on promoting divergence across species. All analyses were performed in R programming environment., , # Data from: Macroevolutionary divergence along allometric lines of least resistance in frog hindlimb traits and its effect on locomotor evolution

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.rn8pk0pnp](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.rn8pk0pnp)

## Description of the data and file structure

Jumping performance measured using a force plate and BioWare software.

Hindlimb morphology measured using a caliper and body mass measured with a scale.

### Files and variables

#### File: vel\_complete.2.csv

**Description:** Maximum acceleration and velocity values for all jumping peaks analyzed with MATLAB

##### Variables

* ID: Identification number of field specimens caught in French Guyane
* species: Species names (not updated for recent taxonomy)
* max.vel: Peak jumping velocity in m/s
* max.acc: Peak jumping acceleration in m/s2
* cont.time: Contact time for the jumping peak in s
* exp.vel: Expected peak velocity in m/s calculated from the MATLAB script

#### File: diverg\_list.Rdata

**Description:** ...,