Investigation of Bacteria from Gut of Ectoparasite Haematobia irritans exigua in the Bargur region in Erode district of Tamil Nadu, India

The investigation of the gut microbiome of Haematobia irritans exigua using metagenomic analysis (16S rRNA) was done first time to catalogue the diversity and abundance of bacteria in the gut in causing disease in the Bargur regions of Anthiyur Taluk in Erode district of Tamil Nadu. This study demonstrates that potential for metagenomic analysis to uncover novel pathogens and reveals the complexity of the Haematobia irritans exigua fly gut microbiome Bargur regions of Anthiyur Taluk in Erode district of Tamil Nadu. The metagenomic analysis result shows that flies harbour a diverse range of various fauna of bacteria in the gut of the parasites. The highest percentage of different types of bacterial genera namely Escherichia, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Dietzia, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Shewanella, Streptococcus and Stenotrophomonas. Theses bacterial genus causes mainly mastitis in cattle. Similarly, pathogens, such as Candidatus moranella, Clostridium and Dermabacter causes enteric diseases in cattle and also to humans. The presence lesser percentage of certain pathogenic bacteria may be harmful to the cattle during favourable condition may cause various diseases for cattle. We also identified certain stains of wolbachia in the gut of the flies. These findings highlighted that importance of considering Haematobia irritans exigua flies act as a vector for various bacterial pathogens which are mainly cause various diseases in cattle particularly mastitis.