A single cell analysis of allograft rejection and tolerance using mouse solid organ transplantation models

Solid organ transplantation in the mouse is a powerful research tool that has provided a pathway to find important mechanistic insights into the regulation of allograft injury, allograft immunopathology, and transplant rejection/tolerance, and that has unique advantages over transplantation in larger species, due to the well characterization of mouse genome and availability of genetically modified animals. However, setup of mouse liver, heart and kidney transplantation is a technically demanding surgical procedure, especially the orthotopic liver transplantation in mouse. Here, we performed Microwell-based single cell RNA-seq of three mouse organ transplantation models (liver, heart and kidney). Comparison of lymphocytes, parenchyma cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in liver, heart and kidney revealed distinct immune microenvironment at acute rejection and tolerance state respectively. Single-cell transcriptome analysis of mouse allograft without immunosuppressive drugs provided rich resources to help understand functioning solid-organ transplantation in human. Microwell datasets for three mouse tissues (heart, liver, kidney) at day 7 post allograft covering organ parenchyma cells, lymphocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells.