Microplastic and tire wear particle mass loads in the overlying air, sea surface microlayer, and underlying water in Swedish fjords in 2021@en

This data set represents a simultaneously taken data set for overlying air, sea surface microlayer (SML, < 1 mm depth), and underlying water (ULW, 1 m depth) for microplastic (MP) including tire wear particles (TWP). Samples were taken in three different Swedish fjords of varying anthropogenic impact (urban (UB), industrial (AF), and rural (GF)) with a remote-controlled research catamaran (Sea Surface Scanner (S³), doi:10.1175/JTECH-D-17-0017.1). Each day, one air sample was taken by actively sampling air during the entire daily GPS track of the S³. For the water samples, every day three SML (3x10 L) and three ULW (3x10 L) samples were taken, while the S³ was driving along the respective GPS tracks and pooled together for each day. GPS tracks are available for each day, except day 5. Here, weather conditions did not allow a deployment of the S³ and it was operated while being tied to the quay. The analysis was conducted with pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). Details concerning the measurements, quantification, and calibration are found in the related study (Goßmann et al., 2023; doi:10.1021/acs.est.3c05002). The indicator used for identification and quantification of the polyvinyl chloride cluster (C-PVC) is rather unspecific. Therefore, C-PVC might be interfered by additional anthropogenic sources and the given C-PVC concentration only represents an order of magnitude. Enrichment factors (EF) of MP and TWP were calculated by dividing the concentration in the SML by the concentration of the ULW. EF above one describe an enrichment in the SML, EF below one indicate a depletion.本数据集为同步采集的配套样本，涵盖上覆大气、海表面微层（Sea Surface Microlayer, SML，深度<1 mm）及下层水体（Underlying Water, ULW，深度1 m）中的微塑料（Microplastic, MP）与轮胎磨损颗粒（Tire Wear Particles, TWP）。样本采集于3个受人为影响程度各异的瑞典峡湾，涵盖城市（Urban, UB）、工业（Industrial, AF）与乡村（Rural, GF）三类区域，采集平台为遥控研究双体船“海表面扫描仪（Sea Surface Scanner, S³）”（DOI: 10.1175/JTECH-D-17-0017.1）。每日在研究双体船的全日GPS航行轨迹中主动采集大气，获取1份大气样本。水体样本方面，每日在研究双体船沿对应GPS轨迹航行期间，采集3份海表面微层样本（每份10 L，合计30 L）与3份下层水体样本（每份10 L，合计30 L），并将当日采集的所有样本混合统一处理。所有采样日均配有GPS航行轨迹记录，但第5日除外。当日因天气条件无法部署研究双体船，故将船系泊于码头开展作业。样品分析采用热解-气相色谱-质谱联用法（Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Py-GC/MS）完成。有关测试方法、定量流程与校准方案的详细信息，请参见相关研究（Goßmann等，2023；DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05002）。用于鉴定与定量聚氯乙烯类群（Polyvinyl Chloride Cluster, C-PVC）的标志物特异性较弱，因此C-PVC的检测结果可能受到其他人为来源的干扰，本次报告的C-PVC浓度仅能反映其数量级范围。微塑料与轮胎磨损颗粒的富集因子（Enrichment Factor, EF）通过海表面微层中的浓度除以下层水体中的浓度计算得到。当EF大于1时，代表微塑料与轮胎磨损颗粒在海表面微层中发生富集；当EF小于1时，则代表其在海表面微层中出现损耗。