The counteracting effects of human-driven speciation and extinction on mammal species richness and phylogenetic diversity

Human activities are causing massive increases in extinction rates, but may also lead to drastic increases in speciation rates – for example following the human-mediated spread of species to otherwise unreachable landmasses. The long-term net anthropogenic effects on biodiversity, therefore, remain uncertain. The aim of this paper is to assess the combined anthropogenic effects of extinctions and speciations on biodiversity over geological time scales. We estimate known anthropogenic and predicted future extinctions based on Red List categories from the International Union for Conservation of Nature. We infer potential anthropogenic speciations assuming that all introductions to isolated landmasses will over time evolve into distinct species. We then estimate changes in regional and global species richness and phylogenetic diversity due to these extinctions and speciations. We show that if all species introduced into new landmasses develop into new species, the number of anthropogenic s..., , , # The counteracting effects of human-driven speciation and extinction on mammal species richness and phylogenetic diversity

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.z08kprrfw](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.z08kprrfw)

The main part of the dataset contains information on what mammals have established introduced populations across continents as well as any island of at least 100 km^2 which are surrounded by sufficiently deep water to not be connected to continents or larger islands during the lowest sea level in the Late Pleistocene. 

## Description of the data and file structure

Three separate files are uploaded.

* A zip file called codes.zip contains R codes for running all analyses from the underlying paper.
* A CSV file called Appendix_1.csv contains information on all introduced mammals in binary coding, i.e., columns have a value of 1 for species introduced to that island and 0 for all others.
* A pdf file called Introduced_species_info contains two tables. The first provides summar...