Acceptance and use of technology by older adults for choosing a tour-ism destination: a study using UTAUT2

Abstract Older adults are increasingly interested in new technologies and relate them to learning, social inclusion, and leisure. Considering the high number of changes in the profile of the Brazilian elderly and the tourism and technological contexts, this work aims to understand the behavioral intentions and the use of the Internet by the elderly for choosing a tourism destination. To this end, the work extended the UTAUT2 Model of Venkatesh, Thong and Xu (2012), including new constructs related to technology: Perceived Risk and Trust, by Slade et al. (2015) and adding Attitude, based on Curras-Perez, Ruiz-Mafe and Sanz-Blas (2014). The study is characterized as exploratory-descriptive. A survey was conducted online and face-to-face, for two months. Statistical analysis of multivariate analysis was performed using SPSS20 and the modeling analysis of structural equations using SmartPLS. The sample obtained was of 211 older adults who use Internet for tourism purposes. As a result, the relations of the Habit, Hedonic Motivation, Trust, and Performance Expectancy as determinants of the Internet Use Attitude for tourism purposes and, in addition to that, the relation of the Habit construct, positively affecting the Use Behavior. As far as the originality of the work is concerned, Attitude was a new concept used to compose the model, bringing something unprecedented to this field of studies in Brazil. In addition, the innovations include the application of the UTAUT2 model to the Brazilian context, in a segment and market sector not yet explored in this field of research - older people and tourism.摘要 老年群体对新兴技术的兴趣与日俱增，并将其与学习、社会融入及休闲娱乐紧密结合。鉴于巴西老年人口画像的显著变化，结合当前旅游与技术双重语境，本研究旨在探究老年群体在选择旅游目的地时的互联网使用行为意向与实际使用行为。为此，本研究拓展了Venkatesh、Thong与Xu（2012）提出的UTAUT2模型，引入了Slade等人（2015）提出的技术相关新构念：感知风险（Perceived Risk）与信任（Trust），并基于Curras-Perez、Ruiz-Mafe及Sanz-Blas（2014）的研究加入了态度（Attitude）构念。本研究属于探索性描述性研究，采用线上与线下结合的调研方式，历时两个月完成数据收集。数据分析环节使用SPSS20完成多元统计分析，通过SmartPLS开展结构方程建模分析。最终有效样本为211名出于旅游目的使用互联网的老年受访者。研究结果显示，习惯（Habit）、享乐动机（Hedonic Motivation）、信任（Trust）与绩效期望（Performance Expectancy）均为老年群体旅游场景下互联网使用态度的显著影响因素；此外，习惯构念对使用行为具有正向促进作用。就研究原创性而言，本研究首次将态度构念纳入该领域模型，为巴西该研究方向带来了全新的研究视角。此外，本研究的创新之处还在于将UTAUT2模型应用于巴西语境，并针对此前该研究领域尚未涉足的细分群体与市场板块——老年群体与旅游场景——展开了实证探索。