Data from: Bacteria-phage coevolution drives variation in bacterial wilt disease incidence via resistance-virulence trade-offs

Bacteria-phage coevolution often results in correlated fitness effects on
partner species. Whether coevolutionary changes impact the ecology of the
surrounding communities is unclear. Here, we link coevolution between the
phytopathogenic bacterium, Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum, and its phage
parasites to bacterial wilt disease patterns across four geographically
disconnected tomato fields. We find that bacteria and phages are locally
adapted between and within fields. Phage infectivity was highest on
sympatric bacteria, and bacteria showed greater phage resistance when
isolated from healthy than diseased plants. The modularity of
phage-bacteria coevolution was associated with field-specific anti-phage
defense system patterns and locally adapted phage populations. Moreover,
phages selected for field-specific mutations in different phage receptor
genes, which were negatively associated with virulence measured in planta,
suggesting why phage-resistant but weakly virulent pathogen isolates are
associated with healthy tomato plants within fields. Our findings
demonstrate that bacteria-phage coevolution results in patchy plant
disease distribution through phage resistance-virulence
trade-offs.