Data from: Seasonality and locality affect the diversity of Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles coluzzii midgut microbiota from Ghana.

Symbiotic bacteria can have important implications in the development and competence of disease vectors. In Anopheles mosquitoes, the composition of the midgut microbiota is largely influenced by the larval breeding site, but the exact factors shaping this composition are currently unknown. Here, we examined whether the proximity to urban areas and seasons have an impact on the midgut microbial community of the two major malaria vectors in Africa, An. coluzzii and An. gambiae. Larvae and pupae were collected from selected habitats in two districts of Ghana during the dry and rainy season periods. The midgut microbiota of adults that emerged from these collections was determined by 454-pyrosequencing of the 16S ribosomal DNA. We show that in both mosquito species, Shewanellaceae constituted on average of 54% and 73% of the midgut microbiota from each site in the dry and rainy season, respectively. Enterobacteriaceae was found in comparatively low abundance below 1% in 22/30 samples in the dry season, and in 25/38 samples in the rainy season. Our data indicate that seasonality and locality significantly affect both the diversity of microbiota and the relative abundance of bacterial families with a positive impact of dry season and peri-urban settings.共生细菌对病媒生物（disease vectors）的发育与媒介效能具有重要影响。在按蚊属（Anopheles）中，其中肠道微生物群（midgut microbiota）的组成在很大程度上受幼虫孳生场所的影响，但目前尚不明确塑造该组成的确切因素。本研究针对非洲两种主要疟疾传播媒介——科卢齐按蚊（An. coluzzii）与冈比亚按蚊（An. gambiae），探究与城市区域的邻近程度及季节变化是否会对其肠道微生物群落产生影响。研究于旱季与雨季期间，在加纳两个行政区的选定孳生场所采集了幼虫和蛹。通过对16S核糖体DNA（16S ribosomal DNA）开展454焦磷酸测序（454-pyrosequencing），我们测定了由此羽化获得的成蚊的中肠道微生物群组成。结果显示，在两种按蚊中，希瓦氏菌科（Shewanellaceae）在各采样点的中肠道微生物群中平均占比分别为旱季的54%与雨季的73%。肠杆菌科（Enterobacteriaceae）的丰度相对较低：旱季的30份样本中有22份的丰度低于1%，雨季的38份样本中有25份的丰度低于1%。本研究数据表明，季节变化与采样地点显著影响微生物群多样性以及细菌科的相对丰度，其中旱季与城郊环境（peri-urban settings）对其具有正向影响。