Reliable effective number of breeders/adult census size ratios in seasonal-breeding species: opportunity for integrative demographic inferences based on capture-mark-recapture data and multilocus genotypes

The ratio of the effective number of breeders (Nb) to the adult census size (Na), Nb/ Na, approximates the departure from the standard capacity of a population to maintain genetic diversity in one reproductive season. This information is relevant for assessing population status, understanding evolutionary processes operating at local scales and unraveling how life-history traits affect these processes. However, our knowledge on Nb/Na ratios in nature is limited because estimation of both parameters is challenging. The sibship frequency (SF) method is adequate for reliable Nb estimation because it is based on sibship and parentage reconstruction from genetic marker data, thereby providing demographic inferences that can be compared with field-based information. In addition, capture-mark-recapture (CMR) robust design methods are well suited for Na estimation in seasonal-breeding species. We used tadpole genotypes of three pond-breeding amphibian species (Epidalea calamita, Hyla molleri an...有效繁殖种群数（effective number of breeders, Nb）与成年个体普查数量（adult census size, Na）的比值Nb/Na，可近似反映种群在单个繁殖季内维持遗传多样性的能力偏离标准水平的程度。该信息对于评估种群现状、解析局域尺度下的进化进程，以及阐明生活史性状如何影响上述进程具有重要参考价值。然而，由于两项参数的估算均存在挑战，当前学界对自然种群中Nb/Na比值的认知仍较为有限。同胞频率（sibship frequency, SF）法可用于可靠估算Nb，其基于遗传标记数据重建同胞关系与亲本归属，能够得到可与实地观测信息对比的种群统计推断结果。此外，标记-重捕（capture-mark-recapture, CMR）稳健设计方法非常适用于季节性繁殖物种的Na估算。本研究使用了三种繁殖于池塘的两栖动物（Epidalea calamita、Hyla molleri an...）的蝌蚪基因型数据