Hepatic gene expression profiling of mice given high-fat diet added Japanese yam propagule powder

We studied the effect of propagule on hepatic transcriptome in mice loaded high-fat for four weeks. Improved genes, which were restored the effects of high-fat loading by simultaneous ingestion with propagule, were picked up using hepatic transcriptome analysis. They mainly belonged to immune system and fat metabolism. High-fat loading induced hepatic inflammation, but simultaneous ingestion with propagule repressed it. As for lipid metabolism, propagule was repressed a rise of cholesterol biosynthesis and catabolism by high-fat loading. As for carbohydrate metabolism, propagule was decreased glycolysis, glycogen synthesis and increased gluconeogenesis. Moreover, amino acids were converted into pyruvate, and then they would be used for gluconeogenesis. In conclusion, propagule will be acted to delay the occurrence of hepatic disease by the suppression of carbohydrate and fat metabolism disorder in high-fat loaded mice. Mice were acclimated with low-fat diet and divided into three groups: low-fat diet group (LF), 45% high-fat diet group (HF) and 45% HF diet added 5% propagules powder group (HF+P). The mice were fed the experimental diets ad libitum for 4 weeks and then starved for 16 h prior to dissection. Small hepatic pieces were frozen immediately by liquid nitrogen. All samples were extracted total RNA and hybridized on Affymetrix microarrays. LF and HF were compared to evaluate high-fat loading effects. The effects of propagule ingestion were made a comparison between HF and HF+P. Please note that the HF group samples were analyzed once with LF samples and re-analyzed with the HF+P group samples.