Data from: Sex-biased genetic component distribution among populations: additive genetic and maternal contributions to phenotypic differences among populations of Chinook salmon

An approach frequently used to demonstrate a genetic basis to population-level phenotypic differences is to employ common garden rearing designs, where observed differences are assumed to be attributable to primarily additive genetic effects. Here, in two common garden experiments, we employed factorial breeding designs between wild and domestic, and among wild populations of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). We measured the contribution of additive (VA) and maternal (VM) effects to the observed population differences for 17 life history and fitness-related traits. Our results show that, in general, maternal effects contribute more to phenotypic differences among populations than additive genetic effects. These results suggest that maternal effects are important in population phenotypic differentiation, and also signify that the inclusion of the maternal source of variation is critical when employing models to test population differences in salmon, such as in local adaptation studies.用于证明种群水平表型差异具备遗传基础的经典方法为共同花园饲养实验设计（common garden rearing design），该实验框架默认观测所得的种群差异主要归因于加性遗传效应。本研究依托两项共同花园饲养实验，针对奇努克鲑（大鳞大麻哈鱼，Oncorhynchus tshawytscha）的野生种群与驯养种群间，以及野生种群内部，采用析因交配实验设计。我们针对17项生活史性状与适合度相关性状，量化了加性遗传效应（VA）与母体效应（VM）对观测到的种群差异的贡献程度。研究结果显示，总体而言，种群间表型差异的主要贡献来源为母体效应，而非加性遗传效应。上述结果表明，母体效应在种群表型分化过程中具有关键作用，同时也提示，在利用模型检验鲑鱼种群差异（如本地适应研究）时，纳入变异的母体来源是至关重要的环节。