Microbial metabolic diversity in soils fertigated with residual vinasses

Vinasse is produced in large quantities in the sugar-ethanol industry. We analyzed the utilization of vinasse as culture medium for inoculants of agricultural relevance, and then we evaluated the ecological impact of the residual vinasses. Trichoderma harzianum MT2, a native isolate obtained from tomato rhizosphere, was cultured in sugarcane vinasse in single and in sequential co-cultures with Pseudomonas capeferrum WCS358 and Rhizobium sp. N21.2. After growth, residual vinasses were utilized for fertigation of trays containing soils not fertigated before. Microbial metabolic diversity in fertigated soils was evaluated with Biolog EcoPlates on day 14. The Average Metabolic Response was determined in EcoPlates incubated for 72 h and evaluated through the Principal Component Analysis. Results show that fertigation with residual vinasses from single culture of T. harzianum MT2 and sequential co-culture with P. capeferrum WCS358 has a lower short-term impact on the microbial metabolic diversity, than residual vinasse from sequential co-culture with Rhizobium sp. N21.2.糖乙醇工业会大量产生糖蜜酒精蒸馏废液（Vinasse）。本研究首先探究了糖蜜酒精蒸馏废液作为农业生产用接种剂培养基的应用潜力，随后评估了残留废液的生态影响。从番茄根际分离得到的野生菌株哈茨木霉 (Trichoderma harzianum) MT2，以甘蔗糖蜜酒精蒸馏废液为培养基开展单一培养，并分别与开费弗假单胞菌 (Pseudomonas capeferrum) WCS358、根瘤菌属 (Rhizobium sp.) 菌株N21.2进行序贯共培养。培养结束后，将残留废液用于浇灌栽培盆中此前未进行施肥灌溉的土壤。 于施肥灌溉后第14天，采用Biolog Eco平板 (Biolog EcoPlates) 评估供试土壤中的微生物代谢多样性。对孵育72小时的平板测定其平均代谢响应 (Average Metabolic Response)，并通过主成分分析 (Principal Component Analysis) 开展统计评估。研究结果表明，相较于经与根瘤菌属菌株Rhizobium sp. N21.2序贯共培养得到的残留废液，采用哈茨木霉MT2单一培养残留废液，以及与开费弗假单胞菌Pseudomonas capeferrum WCS358序贯共培养后的残留废液进行施肥灌溉，对土壤微生物代谢多样性的短期负面影响更低。