High Levels of Anxiety as Determinants of Occupational Stress in Brazilian University Students: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the correlation between anxiety and stress levels among undergraduate students at a Brazilian university.
METHODS: This observational, cross-sectional study was conducted with 688 undergraduate students from a public Brazilian university in July 2023. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Lipp Stress Symptom Inventory (LSSI) were used to assess anxiety and stress levels. Sociodemographic data were collected and analyzed using non-parametric tests (Chi-square, Mann-Whitney) and binary logistic regression to identify predictors of moderate/severe anxiety.
RESULTS: The sample consisted predominantly of young, single female students. A strong correlation was found between anxiety and stress (r > 0.70). The resistance phase of stress was the main predictor of elevated anxiety (OR = 8.87), while a lower number of symptoms acted as a protective factor (OR = 15.09). Logistic analysis indicated that the alert phase and the presence of psychological symptoms were the most consistent determinants of moderate/severe anxiety. Sociodemographic characteristics such as age, absence of a partner, and lower income were also associated with higher anxiety levels, but showed no robust confounding effect in the final model.
CONCLUSION: The study highlights a strong correlation between stress and anxiety among university students, with the resistance phase and psychological stress symptoms standing out as determinants of elevated anxiety. These findings reinforce the need for institutional interventions aimed at promoting mental health, particularly preventive programs focused on early recognition of stress and strengthening coping strategies.