Ananalysis of the effects of Treg cell therapy intervention on the gut microbiota of type 1 diabetic mice using 16S rRNA gene sequencing

This study used 41 eight-week-old SPF male C57BL/6 mice, divided into three groups: healthy control, untreated T1DM, and Treg treatment (low, medium, high doses). T1DM was induced by a small dose of STZ injected intraperitoneally for 5 days, with blood glucose levels >300 mg/dL as the success criterion. CD4+CD25+ Treg cells isolated and expanded from normal mouse spleens were used for treatment. On Day 0, 14, and 34, three mice from each group were randomly selected for fecal sampling for 16S rRNA V3-V4 sequencing, analyzing the species composition, gut microbiota diversity, dominant bacterial families, immune biochemical expression correlation, and functional pathways.