Image repair in the digital age: a systematic review of technological integration in crisis communication

The rapid evolution of digital media, particularly the proliferation of social platforms and the emergence of Artificial Intelligence, necessitates a paradigm shift in the traditional Image Repair Theory. Drawing on a systematic review of 69 articles from the Web of Science Core Collection, this study examines current breakthroughs in research topics, theoretical frameworks, methodologies, and technological integration. The findings reveal that while social media dynamics remain the dominant research focus, distinct platforms require nuanced strategic frameworks. Furthermore, although Artificial Intelligence is increasingly gaining attention—primarily as a methodological tool or a source of crisis—its practical application as an active mechanism for image repair remains largely underexplored.Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are also discussed.