A mix-method study to develop and validate the family resilience assessment scale for flood affected families in the Khyber Pukhtunkhwah Area of Pakistan

Though families are the basic unit of any society and community, resilience assessment at the family level in the context of disasters of floods and consideration of the vital constructs and themes for family resilience assessment against disaster are not well-established yet. Objective: To develop and validate the FRAS used for Flood-Affected Families (FRAS-FF) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.Method: A mixed methods study was chosen as the design for this research, conducted in two phases. Phase I, qualitative phase, to explore and describe the experiences of flood-affected families in real-life situations items were generated based on the literature review and in-depth interviews with head of the family affected by the flood who live in the Nowshehra district of Pakistan. The study finally concluded four themes, five categories and fifteen subcategories with 54 items. Phase II, quantitative phase, validate the psychometric properties of the flood affected resilience assessment scale. Collect data from head of the family affected by the flood who live in the Nowshehra district of Pakistan. 400 sample size were required to achieve the second objective. 200 for EFA and 200 for CFA. Construct validity was assess using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), the fitness of a measurement model was assess using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), internal consistency was measured by the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Results: Qualitative phase, the scale had 54 items divided into five constructs: family structure, family culture, family spirituality, family resources, and environmental. Quantitative phase, after performing EFA, the scale retained 52 items, the inter-item correlation matrix yielded values in the range of 0.3 to 0.7, corrected item-total correlation coefficients were greater than 0.3. After performing CFA, the fitness of a measurement model was assess using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), the final measurement model fit the data well (χ2 = 1551 / df = 936 yielded 1.66, CFI = .91, TLI = .89, SRMR = .075, RMSEA = .057)