Supplement 1. A summary of data and a list of references.

File List MA_Data.txt (md5: 0e737a7606064d123a53ae961663aa9b) Description MA_data.txt is a text file (tab delimited, with headers) containing a summary of data included in the meta-analysis. nr: sample size used to calculate variance of effect size, for correlations nb: sample size used to calculate variance of effect size, for slopes r: correlation coefficient b: regression slope V(b): variance of b NA: Not Available data. Difference in n: indicates whether the sample size used in the meta-analysis was different or equal to the number of replicates reported by authors. n values were sometimes "Different" when r and b had to be re-calculated from tables or digitized from figures. Type of r: r values directly extracted from original publications or re-calculated from tables or figures Source of r, b, extent: Text, figures, tables or appendices used to extract r, b or spatial extent values In the last five columns, the marks indicate the case studies used for a specific meta-analysis. E.g. Case 1 was used in the test of the spatial extent, the habitat, the taxon and the diversity metric effects but not in the test of the trophic level effect on plant-animals correlations. <br>