LAMASUS - Response curves for climate impacts of grassland and cropland management across the EU

From simulations with EPIC-IIASA, we derived gridded predictions of average annual changes in topsoil organic carbon storage (kg C m-2yr-1) for croplands and grassland under different types of management. Predictions were made for present-day (2015-2024) and for different future periods (2041-2060, 2061-2080, 2081-2100) following high mitigation (RCP-SSP 126) and low mitigation (RCP-SSP 585) scenarios. Further, we provide future projections based on two global circulation models: of the MPI in Germany and the IPSL in France. We further provide maps of present-day topsoil (0-15 cm) organic carbon stocks (kg C m-2) under current crop- and grassland management as reference, and simulations of climate change impacts under business as usual scenarios. Table 1: Overview of grassland LUMs covered by the response functions # Full name 15 Very high density managed pasture system 16 High density managed pasture system 17 Moderate density managed pasture system 18 Low density managed pasture system 19 Very high density managed grassland 20 High density managed grassland 21 Moderate density managed grassland 22 Low density managed grassland 23 Rough grazing 24 Silvo-pastoral agroforestry 25 Managed semi-natural and natural grassland 26 Unmanaged semi-natural and natural grassland For grassland, the management scenarios are directly based on the LUM-classes used in the LAMASUS LUM-database (Table 1). For croplands, we used a classification of management intensities that can be translated into LUM classes (see our proposition below in Table 2), but allows for more detail with regard to intensities of fertilization and residue management. In addition, we provide simulated responses of top-soil carbon stocks to conventional vs. conservation tillage practices. Table 2: Main scenarios of EPIC-IIASA simulations, and comparison to LUM classes. ID and name of EPIC-IIASA scenarios Number and name of LUM class M1RF Low-intensity fertilisation, rainfed 5 Rainfed extensive arable cropland M2RF Medium-intensity fertilisation, rainfed 11 Rainfed extensive permanent cropland 13 Extensive heterogeneous cropland classes M3RF Medium-high-intensity fertilisation, rainfed M4RF High-intensity fertilisation, rainfed 7 Rainfed intensive arable cropland M5RF Very-high-intensity fertilisation, rainfed 10 Rainfed intensive permanent cropland 12 Intensive heterogeneous cropland classes M5IR Very-high-intensity fertilisation, irrigated 6 Irrigated arable cropland 9 Irrigated permanent cropland In addition, we provide predictions of net biome productivity (“NBP”, kg C m-2yr-1) of croplands, which represents the stock change in organic carbon for these systems. For grasslands, we additionally provide predictions of net primary productivity (“NPP” , kg C m-2yr-1) and the dry mass yield (t DM ha-1yr-1). All prediction maps are provided as in 5 arc-min resolution for the continental area of EU27+UK. The data is organised in different files. A list of files is provided in Table 3. Each net-cdf file contains additional meta-data explaining variables and dimensions to choose scenarios. Table 3: List of files with simulated carbon impacts of grassland or cropland management. Grassland EPIC-IIASA-grasslands-Topsoil-OC-initial.nc - the initial top soil (0-15 cm) organics carbon stock in kg C m-2 for grasslands EPIC-IIASA-grasslands-historical-LUM.nc - gives NPP, dry mass yield, and changes in topsoil organic carbon stocks (“dSOC”) for each LUM class in Table 1, for present-day based of historical, observation-driven climate forcing EPIC-IIASA-grasslands-climate-change-impact-by-LUM.nc - gives NPP, dry mass yield, and changes in topsoil organic carbon stocks (“dSOC”) for each LUM class in Table 1, for different periods over the 21st century, for two climate change scenarios (SSP-RCP126 and SSP-RCP585), and projections based on two global circulation models (GCMs: Intitut Pierre-Simon Laplace – IPSL, and Max Planck Institute – MPI) Croplands EPIC-IIASA-croplands-Topsoil-OC-initial.nc - gives the initial top soil (0-15 cm) organics carbon stock in kg C m-2 for croplands EPIC-IIASA-croplands-management-intensities.nc - gives NBP and changes in topsoil organic carbon stocks (“dSOC”) for changes in land management intensities (Table 2) and two scenarios for intensity of residue management (“R00” – removes all residues; “R60” – 60% of residues remain on field), for present-day based of historical, observation-driven climate forcing EPIC-IIASA-croplands-tillage-impact.nc - gives NBP and changes in topsoil organic carbon stocks (“dSOC”) for business as usual scenarios (no LUM change compared to initial state), for conventional vs. conservation tillage practices, for present-day based of historical, observation-driven climate forcing EPIC-IIASA-croplands-climate-change-impact.nc - gives NBP and changes in topsoil organic carbon stocks (“dSOC”) for business as usual scenarios (no LUM change compared to initial state), for different periods over the 21st century, for two climate change scenarios (SSP-RCP126 and SSP-RCP585), and projections based on two global circulation models (GCMs: Intitut Pierre-Simon Laplace – IPSL, and Max Planck Institute – MPI)