Temporal changes in skeletal muscle index dataset for colorectal malignancy recurrence study

This dataset comprises de-identified, retrospective clinical and imaging data for patients diagnosed with locally advanced (stage III) colorectal cancer who underwent curative surgical resection at a single institution between 2000 and 2020. For each patient, skeletal muscle index (SMI) measurements were derived from routine abdominal CT scans at the third lumbar vertebral level. SMI was assessed at two timepoints: initially at diagnosis (preoperative baseline), and at a follow-up timepoint matched to the date of cancer recurrence. Patients without recurrence were paired to those with recurrence through propensity score matching incorporating the duration between scans, smoking/radiation/chemotherapy status, tumor histology, primary cancer site and AJCC tumor staging as covariates. The dataset supports investigations into the prognostic value of temporal SMI tracking and includes relevant variables used for evaluating SMI trends based on recurrence status. Key findings from the associated study indicate that a decline in skeletal muscle index postoperatively is independently associated with an increased risk of cancer recurrence, suggesting that SMI decline may serve as a clinically useful biomarker to personalize postoperative surveillance and risk stratification.本数据集包含2000年至2020年间，在单中心接受根治性手术切除的局部晚期（Ⅲ期）结直肠癌患者的去标识化回顾性临床与影像数据。针对每位患者，研究人员从其第三腰椎水平的常规腹部CT扫描影像中提取骨骼肌指数（SMI）测量值。该指数的评估设置两个时间节点：一是确诊时（术前基线状态），二是匹配癌症复发日期的随访时间点。无复发患者与复发患者通过倾向得分匹配法进行配对，匹配时纳入扫描间隔时长、吸烟史、放疗/化疗状态、肿瘤组织学类型、原发癌部位以及美国癌症联合委员会（AJCC）肿瘤分期作为协变量。本数据集可用于探究动态骨骼肌指数监测的预后价值，同时包含基于复发状态评估骨骼肌指数变化趋势所需的相关变量。相关研究的核心结果显示，术后骨骼肌指数下降与癌症复发风险升高呈独立相关，表明骨骼肌指数下降可作为一项具有临床应用价值的生物标志物，用于实现个性化术后监测与风险分层。