Prevalence of scrub typhus and accuracy of diagnostic tests, estimated using the Scrub Typhus Infection Criteria (STIC) as the gold standard or using Bayesian latent class models (LCMs).

STIC is considered positive if either (a) O. tsutsugamushi is isolated, (b) at least two out of three PCR assays targeting the 56kDa, 47kDa and groEL genes are positive, (c) an admission IFA IgM titre is ≥ 1:12,800 or (d) there is at least a four-fold rise in convalescence IFA IgM titre compared to the admission IFA IgM titre [17,18].
†Values are means with 95% confidence interval.
††Values are medians with 95% credible interval.
*A combination of PCR assays was defined as positive when at least two out of the three PCR assays (56kDa PCR assay, 47kDa-based real-time PCR assay and groEL-based real-time PCR assays) were positive.
** IFA IgM was defined as positive in those with either admission IFA IgM titre of ≥1: 12,800 or at least a four-fold rise in convalescence IFA IgM titre compared to the admission IFA IgM titre.
*** A combination of two diagnostic tests was considered positive if either one of those tests was positive.
Prevalence of scrub typhus and accuracy of diagnostic tests, estimated using the Scrub Typhus Infection Criteria (STIC) as the gold standard or using Bayesian latent class models (LCMs).