Predicting sex bias in mobility from functional traits in flying insects

Understanding the movement patterns of organisms is crucial for effective biodiversity conservation in the increasingly dynamic and fragmented landscapes. Since the colonization of habitat patches relies largely on females, sex differences in movement capability must also be considered. However, obtaining direct measurements of mobility and dispersal, and sex biases in these traits, is often challenging. This underscores the importance of predicting sex-specific estimates of mobility based on species’ functional traits. Our phylogenetic comparative study aims at identifying species traits that could serve as proxies for sex bias in mobility in flying insects. We rely on a comprehensive dataset on the sex ratios of 454 moth species (Lepidoptera: Macroheterocera), captured by light traps of the Finnish national moth monitoring scheme. We first demonstrate that, in the vast majority of species, males outnumber females among the captured individuals. Our phylogenetic regression models revea..., Sex ratio data We took advantage of a vast dataset generated by the Finnish Moth Monitoring Scheme 'Nocturna', which has been operating an extensive nationwide network of light traps for over three decades (Huikkonen et al. 2024). The essence of using light trapping in moth monitoring lies in the well-known habit of these nocturnal insects to be attracted to artificial light sources. The light traps deployed by the monitoring scheme cover the entire flight period of moths in the region; they are installed in early spring (early April to early May, depending on latitude) and dismantled in autumn after moths cease flying (early October to early November). The traps are typically serviced and emptied once a week, with all captured macroheteroceran moths identified to the species level by voluntary lepidopterists, and the number of individuals per species is reported in an online database. Conveniently for our study, many contributors of the scheme systematically report the numbers of trapp..., , # Predicting sex bias in mobility from functional traits in flying insects ## Metadata Data set creators: Tiit Teder, Juha Pöyry, Ida-Maria Huikkonen, Anna Suuronen, Reima Leinonen, Robert Barry Davis Other contributors: Ants Kaasik, Toomas Tammaru Date created: 10 September 2024 ## Data and scripts supporting: Teder, T., Davis, R.B., Pöyry, J., Huikkonen, I.-M., Suuronen, A., Leinonen, R., Kaasik, A., Tammaru, T. 2025. Predicting sex bias in mobility from functional traits in flying insects. Oikos. ## Licensing This data set is covered by CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0). Researchers interested in the re-use of this data set and corresponding R-code are expected to contact the authors for collaboration. ### Contact Information Name: Tiit Teder E-mail: [[e-mail]](mailto:[e-mail]) Affiliations: Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu; Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences ...,在日益动态化且生境破碎化的景观中，理解生物的运动模式对于开展高效的生物多样性保护工作至关重要。由于生境斑块的定殖主要依赖雌性个体，因此必须考虑运动能力的性别差异。然而，直接测量移动能力、扩散能力以及这些性状的性别偏倚往往极具挑战性。这凸显了基于物种功能性状（functional traits）预测移动能力的性别特异性估计值的重要性。本项系统发育比较研究（phylogenetic comparative study）旨在识别可作为飞行昆虫移动能力性别偏倚替代指标的物种性状。 我们使用了由芬兰全国蛾类监测计划通过灯光诱捕（light traps）获取的涵盖454种蛾类（鳞翅目Lepidoptera：大蛾类Macroheterocera）性比的综合数据集。我们首先证实，在绝大多数物种的捕获个体中，雄性数量多于雌性。我们的系统发育回归模型显示……，【性比数据（sex ratio data）】 我们依托芬兰蛾类监测计划'Nocturna'生成的海量数据集，该计划已运行覆盖全国的灯光诱捕网络超过三十年（Huikkonen等，2024）。灯光诱捕用于蛾类监测的核心原理，在于这类夜行性昆虫对人工光源具有趋光性这一广为人知的习性。该监测计划布设的灯光诱捕装置覆盖了该区域蛾类的整个飞行期：于早春（根据纬度不同，为4月初至5月初）布设，在蛾类停止飞行后的秋季（10月初至11月初）拆除。诱捕装置通常每周维护并清空一次，所有捕获的大蛾类均由志愿鳞翅目分类学家（lepidopterists）鉴定至物种水平，各物种的个体数量会上传至在线数据库。 为便于本研究开展，该计划的诸多贡献者会系统性上报诱捕到的……，# 基于功能性状预测飞行昆虫移动能力的性别偏倚 ## 元数据（Metadata） 数据集创建者：蒂特·特德（Tiit Teder）、尤哈·波伊里（Juha Pöyry）、伊达-玛丽亚·休伊科宁（Ida-Maria Huikkonen）、安娜·苏奥宁（Anna Suuronen）、莱伊莫·莱伊宁（Reima Leinonen）、罗伯特·巴里·戴维斯（Robert Barry Davis） 其他贡献者：安茨·卡斯克（Ants Kaasik）、托马斯·塔马鲁（Toomas Tammaru） 创建日期：2024年9月10日 ## 支撑本数据集与代码的研究 Teder, T., Davis, R.B., Pöyry, J., Huikkonen, I.-M., Suuronen, A., Leinonen, R., Kaasik, A., Tammaru, T. 2025. 《基于功能性状预测飞行昆虫移动能力的性别偏倚》，发表于《Oikos》期刊。 ## 授权协议 本数据集采用CC0 1.0通用协议（CC0 1.0）进行授权。有意复用本数据集及配套R代码的研究人员，请联系作者以开展合作。 ### 联系方式 联系人姓名：蒂特·特德（Tiit Teder） 电子邮箱：[e-mail] 所属机构：塔尔图大学生态与地球科学研究所动物学系；捷克生命科学大学环境科学学院生态学系……