Parkes observations for project P1066 semester 2021APRS_29

We propose 36 hrs of Parkes observations to continue our successful Deeper, Wider, Faster (DWF) program to detect fast transients and fast radio burst (FRB) counterparts and help resolve their nature. DWF coordinates over 80 observatories worldwide at all wavelengths, from radio to gamma-ray to detect and follow-up FRBs and other elusive fast (millisecond-to-hours duration) transients. Crucially, we coordinate simultaneous deep, fast-cadenced, wide-field observations at all wavelengths to observe the same field at the same time as Parkes, enabling multi-wavelength detection before, during, and after the radio detection. Little to no multi-wavelength observations to any significant depth have been done on these timescales, leaving this parameter space underexplored. DWF coordinates major facilities to observe with Parkes, such as South Pole Telescope (mm/sub-mm), GROND (infrared), CTIO Dark Energy Camera (optical), Astrosat (UV/X-ray), HXMT (X-ray), HESS (gamma-ray), and Pierre Auger (high-energy). We perform realtime data processing and transient identification at all wavelengths that enables triggering our deep, rapid-response (within minutes) follow up programs for deep spectroscopy and imaging using the world's largest telescopes (e.g., Keck, VLT, Gemini, SALT, ATCA).我们提议开展总时长36小时的帕克斯（Parkes）观测项目，以延续我们已取得成功的“更深、更广、更快”（Deeper, Wider, Faster，简称DWF）计划，旨在探测快速暂现源与快速射电暴（fast radio burst, FRB）的对应体，并助力阐明其物理本质。本计划协调了全球80余台覆盖全电磁波段的观测设施，波段范围从射电直至伽马射线，用于探测并跟进观测快速射电暴及其他难以捕捉的快速暂现源（持续时长介于毫秒至数小时之间）。尤为关键的是，本计划协调开展全波段的深度、快速轮次、宽视场观测，确保与帕克斯望远镜同步对准同一天区进行观测，从而能够在射电探测的前、中、后全时段实现多波段探测。目前在这类时间尺度上，几乎未开展过任何具备足够深度的多波段观测，导致该参数空间尚未得到充分探索。本DWF计划协调了一批重大观测设施与帕克斯望远镜协同观测，包括南极望远镜（South Pole Telescope，毫米波/亚毫米波波段）、GROND红外巡天设备、CTIO暗能量相机（光学波段）、Astrosat紫外/X射线卫星、硬X射线调制望远镜（HXMT，X射线波段）、HESS伽马射线切伦科夫望远镜阵列，以及皮埃尔·奥格（Pierre Auger）高能宇宙线观测台。我们会在全波段开展实时数据处理与暂现源识别工作，以此触发我们的深度快速响应（响应时长不超过数分钟）跟进观测计划，利用全球顶级望远镜（如凯克望远镜、甚大望远镜VLT、双子望远镜、南非大望远镜SALT、澳大利亚望远镜致密阵列ATCA）开展深度光谱与成像观测。