Detections from Townsville reefs acoustic receiver array for marine animal tracking with acoustic tags (NERP TE 6.1, AIMS)

There are 3 datasets:1.    Acoustic array - this dataset includes a description of the acoustic array deployed on reefs offshore from Townsville. The array was in place from August 2011 to December 2014.2.    Individuals tagged - this dataset includes a description of the individuals fitted with acoustic transmitters for tracking on an acoustic array deployed on reefs offshore from Townsville. 3.    Detection - this dataset includes detections of individuals fitted with acoustic transmitters. All detection data were collected within the Townsville reefs region, detection data come from individuals captured in the region or individuals that swam into this region from other study sites. Methods:An array of 48 Vemco VR2W acoustic receivers were deployed on 17 reefs offshore from Townsville, Qld to define presence and movement patterns of individuals fitted with acoustic transmitters. The number of receivers deployed per reef varied from 1 to 8. Reefs were selected to represent multiple Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority protection zones.Transmitters were deployed in 14 species of reef fish and sharks. The number of transmitters deployed varied among species. Individuals were captured and released between August 2011 and July 2014. All individuals were measured, fitted with an external identification tag and an acoustic transmitter. Individuals were released at their site of capture. Transmitter life varied with tag type. Teleosts received V13 tags that lasted 12 months, sharks received V16 tags that lasted 27 months. All transmitters were equipped with depth sensors to indicate the swimming depth of the individual. Transmitters functioned on 69kHz and emitted a coded signal once every 2 minutes. Movement patterns of individuals were tracked on an array of acoustic receivers.The focus of the research was individuals captured within the Townsville reefs region (Red Throat Emperor, Coral Trout, Reef Sharks, Tiger Sharks, Weasel Sharks), but the equipment also detects individuals captured in other locations that swim into this region. The detection data is inclusive of all individuals detected in this region. The receivers are fitted with new batteries once a year and are all still functional (Nov 2014).Data are downloaded twice per year with receivers lifted to the surface for a few minutes while the data are offloaded, batteries changed (when required) and then returned to their mooring.When large numbers of individuals or high environmental noise are present false detections can occur. Therefore the raw data may include detections of animals that are not authentic. All single detections need to be considered carefully prior to use for broad ranging conclusions.Detection data are limited by the range of each receiver, transmitter type and behaviour of individual fish. The detection range of each receiver in the array is approximately 400 - 900 m depending on environmental conditions such as wind and the tag transmitter power. Format:Acoustic array:Townsville Reef Receivers.CSV file (3 kb) Data Dictionary:- Receiver code: serial number- Reef: reef name - Latitude: decimal degree- Longitude: decimal degree- Zone: GBRMPA Zone Type. Latitude and longitude in WSG84 projectionIndividuals tagged:fish data_all.CSV file (53 kb)Data Dictionary:- Species: species code (code|common name|species mapping included in spreadsheet)- transmitter ID: code- Tag#: external tag number- Sex: sex (M/F) (where known)- PCL: ???- FL: Fork length (in cm)- TL: total length (in cm)- Genetics: genetic sample ID number- Date: date captured- Reef: Reef of capture- Zone: GBRMPA Zone Type- CaptureLatitude: decimal degree- CaptureLongitude: decimal degreeLatitude and longitude in WSG84 projectionDetection:The detection data is available in two formats; a CSV file, Detection.CSV (427,938 kB), and the AATAMS database. The AATAMS database is the official repository and the place were new data will be made available first.The AATAMS database contains raw data files in a proprietary format (.vrl files). The database is fully searchable and provides the ability to export relevant data as csv files. The detection.CSV file is such an extract run 10-Dec-2015.The fields exported in detection.CSV are:Timestamp; station name; latitude; longitude; receiver id; tag ID; species; uploader; transmitter ID; organisation; sensor value; sensor unit.Data Location:This dataset is filed in the eAtlas enduring data repository at: data\NERP-TE\6.1_Mobile-predators

本数据集包含3个子集：
1. 声学阵列（acoustic array）数据集：该数据集记录了部署在汤斯维尔近海珊瑚礁上的声学阵列相关信息。该阵列的运行时段为2011年8月至2014年12月。
2. 标记个体数据集：该数据集记录了为追踪汤斯维尔近海珊瑚礁声学阵列上的目标而加装声学发射器（acoustic transmitter）的个体相关信息。
3. 检测数据数据集：该数据集包含加装声学发射器的个体的检测记录。所有检测数据均采集自汤斯维尔珊瑚礁区域，数据来源包括在该区域捕获的个体，或是从其他研究区域洄游至该区域的个体。

研究方法：研究团队在昆士兰州汤斯维尔近海的17座珊瑚礁上部署了48台Vemco VR2W声学接收器，以明确加装声学发射器的个体的存在情况与移动模式。每座珊瑚礁部署的接收器数量为1至8台不等。所选珊瑚礁覆盖了大堡礁海洋公园管理局（Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, GBRMPA）的多个保护分区。

研究团队为14种珊瑚礁鱼类及鲨鱼加装了声学发射器，不同物种的发射器部署数量存在差异。个体捕获与放生的时段为2011年8月至2014年7月。所有捕获个体均完成体长测量，加装了外部识别标签与声学发射器，并在捕获地点原地放生。发射器的续航时长因标签类型而异：硬骨鱼类搭载的V13标签续航时长为12个月，鲨鱼搭载的V16标签续航时长为27个月。所有发射器均配备深度传感器，用于记录个体的游泳深度。发射器工作频率为69kHz，每2分钟发射一次编码信号。研究团队通过声学接收器阵列追踪个体的移动模式。

本研究的核心关注对象为在汤斯维尔珊瑚礁区域捕获的个体（包括红喉裸颊鲷、珊瑚鳟、礁鲨、虎鲨、鼬鲨），但该声学阵列同样可检测到从其他区域洄游至此的个体。因此本检测数据集包含所有在该区域被检测到的个体记录。

声学接收器每年更换一次电池，截至2014年11月所有设备均处于正常运行状态。数据每半年下载一次：下载时将接收器提升至水面数分钟，完成数据导出、按需更换电池后，将接收器重新系泊至原位。

当存在大量个体活动或环境噪声较高时，可能会出现误检测情况。因此原始检测数据可能包含非真实存在的动物检测记录，在用于大范围结论推导前，需对所有单次检测结果进行谨慎甄别。

检测数据的有效性受限于接收器的检测范围、发射器类型以及个体的行为特征。根据环境条件（如风力）与发射器功率的不同，单台接收器的检测范围约为400至900米。

### 声学阵列数据集
数据文件：Townsville Reef Receivers.csv（3 KB）
数据字典：
- 接收器代码：序列号
- 珊瑚礁：珊瑚礁名称
- 纬度：十进制度数
- 经度：十进制度数
- 分区：GBRMPA保护分区类型
注：经纬度坐标采用WSG84坐标系

### 标记个体数据集
数据文件：fish data_all.csv（53 KB）
数据字典：
- 物种：物种代码（代码|通用名|物种对应关系详见电子表格）
- 发射器ID：代码
- 标签编号：外部标签编号
- 性别：性别（M/F，已知时标注）
- PCL：（原文未明确具体含义）
- 叉长：叉长，单位为厘米
- 总长度：总长度，单位为厘米
- 遗传学：遗传样本编号
- 捕获日期：捕获日期
- 珊瑚礁：捕获所在珊瑚礁
- 分区：GBRMPA保护分区类型
- 捕获纬度：十进制度数
- 捕获经度：十进制度数
注：经纬度坐标采用WSG84坐标系

### 检测数据数据集
检测数据提供两种格式：① 逗号分隔值文件Detection.csv（427,938 KB）；② AATAMS数据库。AATAMS数据库为官方存储库，新数据将优先在此发布。

AATAMS数据库以专有格式（.vrl文件）存储原始数据文件，支持全库检索，并可将筛选后的数据导出为csv格式文件。本次发布的Detection.csv文件即为2015年12月10日导出的数据子集。

Detection.csv文件包含的导出字段为：时间戳；站点名称；纬度；经度；接收器ID；标签ID；物种；上传者；发射器ID；所属机构；传感器值；传感器单位。

数据存储位置：
本数据集归档于eAtlas永久数据存储库，路径为：dataNERP-TE6.1_Mobile-predators