Entvironmental and Macroinvertebrate data for: "The effect of a large-scale Nature-based Solution on the aquatic biodiversity in a gravel river in The Netherlands"

This data files containes the environmental and biological data used for the paper of Daumal et al. (2025): "The effect of a large-scale Nature-based Solution on the aquatic biodiversity in a gravel river in The Netherlands" Main stream, secondary channels, gravel lakes and tributaries in the Border Meuse valley were compared to analyze their contribution to the regional diversity. Abstract: 1. Nature-based solutions (NbS) give space back to rivers and have the potential to improve biodiversity in aquatic habitats. More research is needed to understand the effect of river-reach NbS restoration efforts on ecological quality. 2. Macroinvertebrates were sampled in mainstream, secondary channels, lakes, and tributaries of the Border Meuse valley. Local abiotic conditions, taxa, abundances, unique taxa contribution, and diversity indices were compared between water-body types. 3. Water-body types were differing in local conditions driving invertebrate communities. The main and secondary channels of the Border Meuse had the smallest, and lakes and tributaries the largest contribution to diversity of the river valley. Many taxa of fast-flowing rivers were still missing in the river. 4. The NbS Grensmaas had no effect on the macroinvertebrate community in the Border Meuse, secondary channels hardly contributed diversity, tributaries were important, but their reconstruction pre-dated the NbS project, and lakes were key in the regional species pool in the Border Meuse valley. The impact of the NbS Grensmaas on ecological quality is questionable. 5. We provide five lessons for future NbS planning. Before the restoration starts, a system-wide analysis and goal setting should be done, and a clear monitoring strategy should be set. Proper pre-project data is necessary to understand bottlenecks and predict and measure possible failures and successes.本数据集文件包含Daumal等人2025年发表的论文《大型自然解决方案（Nature-based Solution, NbS）对荷兰某砾石河流水生生物多样性的影响》所使用的环境与生物数据。 研究对默兹边境河谷的主河道、次级水道、砾石湖与支流进行了对比分析，以明确其对区域生物多样性的贡献。 摘要： 1. 自然解决方案（NbS）可为河流腾退空间，具备改善水生栖息地生物多样性的潜力。当前仍需开展更多研究，以探明河道尺度的自然解决方案修复工程对生态质量的影响。 2. 研究人员在默兹边境河谷的主河道、次级水道、湖泊与支流中采集了大型无脊椎动物样本，并对比了不同水体类型的局地非生物条件、生物类群组成、个体丰度、特有类群贡献度以及多样性指数。 3. 不同水体类型的局地环境条件存在显著差异，进而驱动了无脊椎动物群落的结构分异。默兹边境河谷的主河道与次级水道对河谷区域生物多样性的贡献最小，而湖泊与支流的贡献最大。该河流中仍缺失诸多急流生境专属的生物类群。 4. 本次研究涉及的Grensmaas大型自然解决方案未对默兹边境河谷的大型无脊椎动物群落产生显著影响；次级水道几乎未对区域多样性作出贡献；支流虽发挥了重要作用，但其修复工程早于本次自然解决方案项目；湖泊则是默兹边境河谷区域物种种库的核心组成部分。综上，Grensmaas大型自然解决方案对生态质量的影响尚存争议。 5. 本研究为未来自然解决方案的规划提供了五点经验启示：在修复工程启动前，应开展全系统分析并设定明确目标，同时制定完善的监测策略；需获取充足的项目前期基础数据，以明确生态瓶颈问题，并预测、评估潜在的失败与成功案例。