DETERMINING DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF A DIGGING SHARE OF ROOT CROP AND ONION HARVESTERS

The quality of onion harvesting is determined by the work of a digging tool, as the design and technological parameters of the separating devices depend on the type and technological parameters of this tool. The authors have presented the research results aimed at determining the optimal technological parameters of a lifting plowshare for harvesting root crops and onion bulbs, depending on changes in the physical-and-mechanical properties of the material interacting with the considered working tool (the depth of digging and translational speed). The authors have determined the main design and technological parameters of the considered digging tool. They also have obtained a formula to determine the optimal curvature radius of the working surface of a lifting plowshare in polar coordinates, the differential equation of motion of the soil particle on the ploughshare surface for digging out root crops and onion bulbs, as well as the research results concerning the lifting plowshare design at the highest rate of soil particle lifting depending on the shape of its working surface. It has been established that a lifting plowshare with a working surface in the Archimedes spiral form is capable of ensuring the most qualitative process of extracting root crops and onion bulbs from the soil.