Gdac1 QTL candidate genes (shortlist in proximal to distal order).

?The primers are listed at 5′ to 3′ direction. Each set of primers are listed with forward primer on the top and reverse primer in the bottom. Two primer sets were tested for Pla2g4e.*means those genes are viable candidates.**nsSNPs- “No” means no nsSNPs reported in databases for B6 vs. 129 and often among all strains. “Possible” refers to incomplete annotations for B6 and/or 129; an nsSNP was noted at this location involving at least one strain among all inbred strains in databases. For Trp53bp1, PolyPhen-2 rejected several amino acid calls, which prohibited SNP evaluation. The latter also applied to several other genes shown in Table S1. “All benign” means that all nsSNPs were predicted as “benign” by PolyPhen-2.#Gene expression levels in colon examined by qPCR are normalized against β-actin or 36B4. P-values between 0.05 and 0.1 were rated as “Possible.” However the pattern of expression in the sets of mice often suggests that this was a reaction to pathology rather than true cis-e-QTL status.¶Knockout or mutants available for reference. “None”-no KO or mutant studies in mice, except Vps18-KO study was performed in Zebra fish. However, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) reports at least 20 mutations/deletions in humans for this region (Chr: 15q 38–49 mbp) with associated syndromes.