Supporting data for "Whole-genome sequencing of the invasive golden apple snail Pomacea canaliculata from Asia reveals rapid expansion and adaptive evolution"

<i>Pomacea canaliculata</i> an invasive species native to South America, is recognized for its broad geographic distribution and adaptability to a variety of ecological conditions. The details concerning the evolution and adaptation of <i>P. canaliculate</i> remains unclear due to a lack of whole-genome re-sequencing data.<br>We examined 173 <i>P. canaliculata</i> genomes representing 17 geographic populations in East and Southeast Asia. Interestingly, <i>P. canaliculata</i> showed a higher level of genetic diversity than other mollusks, and our analysis suggested that the dispersal of <i>P. canaliculata</i> could have been driven by climate changes and human activities. Notably, we identified a set of genes associated with low-temperature adaptation, including Csde1, a cold shock protein-coding gene. Further RNA-seq analysis and RT-qPCR experiments demonstrated the genes dynamic pattern and biological functions during cold exposure. Moreover, both positive selection and balancing selection are likely to have contributed to the rapid environmental adaptation of <i>P. canaliculata</i> populations. In particular, genes associated with energy metabolism and stress response were undergoing positive selection, while a large number of immune-related genes showed strong signatures of balancing selection. Our study has advanced our understanding of the evolution of <i>P. canaliculata</i> and has provided a valuable resource concerning an invasive species.