Low-Carbon Economic Scheduling of Virtual Power Plants With Hydrogen-Blended Gas and Liquid-Storage CCS Coupled P2G

ObjectivesIn the process of achieving the “dual carbon” goals, virtual power plants, as a new energy management system, can enhance the flexibility and energy efficiency of the power grid. Issues such as the failure of coupling between power-to-gas (P2G) and carbon capture system (CCS), low energy utilization efficiency, high volatility of renewable energy, and insufficient incentives from emission reduction policies have affected the economic viability of virtual power plants. Therefore, an optimized scheduling model that balances low-carbon and economic considerations is proposed based on liquid storage CCS and gas hydrogen blending equipment.MethodsFrom the two perspectives of innovative low-carbon equipment and carbon trading policy, mathematical models are first established for the liquid-storage carbon capture system coupled with power-to-gas equipment, gas turbines, electric heating furnaces, and energy storage equipment. Secondly, tiered carbon trading prices are designed for different carbon emission levels, and price compensation factors and price growth factors are introduced to incentivize virtual power plants to reduce emissions. Optimized scheduling strategies with economic and low-carbon objectives as the target functions are proposed. Finally, the model is processed using a linearization method for efficient solution. Case analysis sets different hydrogen blending ratio scenarios, different coupled equipment scenarios, and different carbon trading mechanism scenarios to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model.ResultsCompared with the virtual power plant before modification, variable hydrogen blending operation and the liquid-storage P2G-CCS coupling equipment reduce operating costs by 6.21% and 12.62%, respectively, and the tiered carbon trading price reduces carbon emissions of the virtual power plant by 12.96%.ConclusionsThe proposed scheduling model can effectively achieve low-carbon emissions, enhance wind power integration capability, and reduce operating costs of virtual power plants.