<b>Survey Data on </b>The Pain and Resolution of Maternal Separation: Influencing Factors and Moderating Pathways of Left-behind Children's Psychological Well-beingin China—Mediating Effects of Remote Mediated Parenting and Moderating Effects of Interpersonal Relationships

Based on the 2023 survey data on rural left-behind children in Chongqing, China, this study analyzes the various factors affecting their mental health and the moderating mechanisms involved. The findings reveal that, compared to non-left-behind children and other left-behind children in rural areas, only those with mothers working away from home alone are more likely to experience mental health issues. The absence of mothers due to work migration may contribute to an increase in psychological problems among left-behind children. However, mothers who work away alone can mitigate these effects through remote parenting by utilizing digital communication tools to maintain frequent contact with their children. In addition, care from family members and positive interpersonal relationships at school help alleviate the negative psychological impact of maternal absence. Notably, in economically disadvantaged families, whether the mother works away alone does not appear to have a significant adverse effect on children's mental health. In conclusion, increasing the frequency of communication between migrant mothers and their children, improving the family's economic conditions, and enhancing social support networks are crucial for promoting the mental well-being of left-behind children.