The Influence of crude oil and oil dispersant in the detoxification process of adult Gulf Killifish.

Exposure of fish to exogenous chemicals can result in increased activity of phase I and II biotransformation proteins. Addition of dispersant to crude oil can result in increased bioavailability of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Treatment waters were generated at nominal salinities of 4, 12, and 18 g/L. Control water was left undisturbed. Dispersant water was mixed at 22 mL of Corexit-9500 to 80 L of treatment water. Oiled water was initially mixed at an approximate 1:4 oil:water ratio by volume and the dispersant was used at a 10:1 oil:dispersant ratio to generate oil/dispersant water. Treatment waters at the previously mentioned nominal salinities were weathered for 1, 4, and 16 weeks in treatment mesocosms. Gulf killifish livers were sampled 96 hours of exposure to treatment waters. Impacts of treatment water on adult Gulf killifish physiology were determined through measurements EROD and GST activity.鱼类暴露于外源性化学物质时，其体内I相和II相生物转化蛋白（phase I and II biotransformation proteins）的活性会升高。向原油中添加分散剂，可提升芳香烃与脂肪烃的生物利用度。本实验配制的处理水标称盐度分别设置为4、12和18克每升（g/L）。对照组水体保持静置，未施加任何处理。分散剂组水体的配制方式为：将22毫升科里克斯-9500（Corexit-9500）加入80升处理水中并混合均匀。原油水组初始按油与水体积比约1:4进行混合，同时按照油与分散剂10:1的比例添加分散剂，以配制油/分散剂复合水。上述不同标称盐度的处理水均在中型实验生态系统（treatment mesocosms）中进行为期1周、4周和16周的风化处理。海湾底鳉（Gulf killifish）暴露于处理水96小时后，采集其肝脏组织样本。通过测定乙氧基试卤灵O-脱乙基酶（EROD，Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase）与谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST，Glutathione S-transferase）的活性，分析处理水对成年海湾底鳉生理状态的影响。