Database-Statistical analysis of the climatology and vegetation dynamics in a region on the banks of the Duero.

In Castilla y León, more specifically on the riverside of the Duero, the vineyard has great importance. It is a crop with deep cultural roots due to the winemaking tradition of the area, which means that there is a large area of vineyards that are several decades old. In the present work, the dynamics of the vine vegetation on the riverside of the Duero and specifically in the region delimited by the D.O.P Ribera del Duero were analyzed using remote sensing and compared with the dynamics of other crops of great importance also in the region, such as cereals (both rainfed and irrigated), with high number of hectares cultivated. The objective of the present study was to analyze the dynamics of the vegetation through the use of the NDVI index and to relate this index with climatic variables to study how the climate influences the development of crops. For this, the time series of the NDVI extracted from MODIS images of the aforementioned crops in the period 2002-2020 were analyzed and this NDVI was related to the time series of two climatic variables such as temperature and precipitation, to evaluate the influence that these have on the dynamics of the vegetation of the area. The stationarity of the time series was analyzed using the Dickey-Fuller test and, through the use of autocorrelation graphs and periodograms, their seasonality was analyzed. It was observed that none of the climatic and NDVI series studied had a trend and it was also observed that the NDVI series had a clear annual cycle. Through the analysis of the different NDVI series, it was possible to detect differences in the spectral signatures of each crop and through the representation of the climatic series and NDVI, patterns could be observed that allowed us to intuit that there is a relationship that can be studied in the future. Therefore, this work aims to serve as a basis for future research.