Report: Botanical study of geological development; Juist to Langeoog (1952-1956)»

In 1952-1956, a larger number of holes were drilled in the area of the East Frisian coast, on the islands, the Watt and the mainland. In order to brighten the history of the area, as far as possible by the vegetation, and to determine the age of transgression, 13 peat profiles with a small piece each in the lying and hanging were examined botanically. The results are summarised below: The relief of the Pleistocene flying sand ceiling in today’s East Frisian coastal area was formed before the beginning of the post-glacial. Minor sand drifts have taken place until the beginning of the Atlantic. This shows that until the time the vegetation ceiling was not closed in places. On the high-lying parts of this flying sand blanket, moist Calluna heaters were created in Boreal. They continued to develop over various stages up to oligotrophic spphagnum moor. In the lower-lying areas, topogenous lowland bogs and shattered forests were formed. In places, spagnetes of mesotrophic character were created. The standard profile Tannenhausen served as the basis for the pollen analytical structure. The well-known forest-historical zones of the Postglazoal were found in the diagrams and those from the Atlantic to the Subatlantic were further subdivided by a number of guidelines. Some of these guidelines and zone boundaries have been absolutely dated using the C14 method. The usable transgression contacts could be dated in the high moor of Juister Wattes and west of the Hilgenried Valley to around 200 BC in the low-lying valleys and channels already on the first part of the Atlantic. From the nature of the transgression contacts of all overflooded peat profiles and the inundation horizons of minerogeneic sediment, conclusions were drawn about the course of the transgression. This first took place in brackish water, partly under calm conditions, partly under heavy processing. It was not until much later that the area entered the marine area. The age and nature of the transgression contacts show that peat has been eroded in several places. As a result, an early onset of transgression can be faked. Therefore, it is important to use only carefully selected, complete profiles.