EURL ECVAM Review of non-animal models in biomedical research - Immunogenicity Testing of Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMP)

This highly curated knowledge base contains detailed descriptions of 88 non-animal models being used for immunogenicity in ATMP, mostly employed to test cell therapy products. T cells from peripheral blood of healthy donors cultured in 2D conditions represent the main model applied to test immunogenicity. Very few studies were reporting advanced models , such as embedded cells in extracellular matrix, organoids and spheroids.