Genetic admixture between Central European and Alpine wolf populations

The recovery and expansion of formerly isolated wolf populations in Europe raise questions about the nature of their interactions and future consequences for population viability and conservation. Will fragmented populations fuse or maintain a certain level of isolation with migration? Central Europe is suitable for obtaining empirical data in this field as it represents a “crossroad” with the potential for contact among several phylogeographic lineages. In this study, non-invasive genetic samples obtained during population monitoring in the Bohemian and Bavarian Forest (BBF) mountain ranges in the Czech Republic and Germany (Bohemian Massif) were analysed at different neutral markers including mitochondrial sequence, nuclear autosomal microsatellites and gonosomal sex markers. Resultant genetic profiles were compared with reference data to study population ancestry. Both cluster analyses of microsatellite genotypes and syntopic occurrence of haplotypes HW01 and HW22 showed genetic admi..., The studied deme was characterised using genetic markers. Through comparison with neighbouring populations, its origins and status of population admixture were assessed. , QGIS, Microsoft Excell, Rstudio, GeneAlEx, # Genetic admixture between Central European and Alpine wolf populations We present data on admixture between Central European and Alpine grey wolf populations. ## Description of the data and file structure This folder contains two files: 1\) Table S1 contains sample information: ID, species determination, population assignment, country of origin, locality (area) of origin, GPS coordinates, date of collection, sample /observation type (camt = camera trap), sex determination (amelogenin), mitochondrial control region haplotype code (classification according to Pilot et al., 2010), identity (ID of samples from the same individual). The symbol \"-\" denotes empty values. 2\) MS Excel sheet \"Microsatellite genotypes\" contains allele scores of all studied individuals. Empty values are marked as \"NA\".欧洲此前处于隔离状态的灰狼种群的恢复与扩张，引发了关于其种群间互动本质以及种群生存力（population viability）与保护的未来影响的诸多疑问。碎片化的种群究竟会发生融合，还是会在存在基因交流的情况下维持一定程度的隔离？中欧地区是获取该领域实证数据的理想场所，因其作为多个系统发育地理支系（phylogeographic lineages）间接触的“交汇枢纽”，具备相关研究潜力。本研究针对捷克共和国与德国境内波希米亚林山和巴伐利亚林山（BBF，波希米亚地块（Bohemian Massif））区域的种群监测过程中采集的非侵入性遗传样本（non-invasive genetic samples）展开分析，检测了包括线粒体序列（mitochondrial sequence）、核常染色体微卫星（microsatellites）以及性染色体性别标记（gonosomal sex markers）在内的多种中性遗传标记。所得遗传分型与参考数据进行比对，以解析种群祖先起源。针对微卫星基因型的聚类分析（cluster analyses），以及单倍型（haplotypes）HW01与HW22的同域分布情况，均揭示出基因混合（genetic admixture）……本研究通过遗传标记对所聚焦的局域种群（deme）进行了特征解析，通过与邻近种群的比对，评估了其起源与种群基因混合状态。所用分析工具包括QGIS、微软Excel（Microsoft Excel）、RStudio与GeneAlEx。# 中欧与阿尔卑斯灰狼种群间的基因混合 本数据集呈现中欧与阿尔卑斯灰狼种群间的基因混合相关数据。 ## 数据与文件结构说明 本文件夹包含两个文件： 1) 附表S1包含样本信息：样本编号、物种鉴定结果、种群归属、原产国、起源地（区域）、GPS坐标、采集日期、样本/观测类型（camt即相机诱捕（camera trap））、性别鉴定结果（基于釉原蛋白（amelogenin））、线粒体控制区单倍型编码（分类标准参照Pilot等，2010年）、个体标识（同个体样本的编号）。符号"-"代表空值。 2) 名为"微卫星基因型"的Microsoft Excel工作表包含所有研究个体的等位基因分型（allele scores）结果，空值以"NA"标注。