Checklist of the vertebrate fauna of the Do?ana Biosphere Reserve (Spain) - 2025

We compile an updated checklist of the vertebrate species of the Do?ana Biosphere Reserve (Southwestern Spain) recorded since the beginning of the 20th century. The checklist was produced by applying explicit temporal, spatial and biological criteria (see sampling methodology) on previously published inventories, and was subsequently revised by taxonomic experts. The updated checklist includes 700 vertebrate species, that is, 182 fish species (freshwater and marine), 11 amphibian species, 29 reptile species, 417 bird species, and 61 mammal species.? Of the total number of species, seven are considered extinct in the region (Acipenser sturio, Gasterosteus aculeatus, Numenius tenuirostris, Turnix sylvaticus, Corvus frugilegus, Canis lupus, Myotis blythii), two have not been recorded in the past decade (Mustela putorius, Felis silvestris), and 32 are classified as exotic. This updated and curated checklist fills a gap in the biodiversity knowledge of the reserve and serves as a resource for current and future monitoring, scientific studies, and conservation efforts in this unique area of southwestern Europe.