Field data

Life history data for seed from five source populations (AFT - Afton State Park, Afton, MN; GCD - Grey Cloud Dunes Scientific and Natural Area, Cottage Grove, MN; CRA - Conard Environmental Research Area, Grinnell College, Kellogg, IA; KZA - Konza Prairie Biological Station, Manhattan, KS; CUI - Cuivre River State Park, Troy, MO) planted at one sand and one loam site in each of three regions: the range interior in Iowa, range edge in Minnesota, and beyond the range edge in Minnesota. The sites are: CRA: Conard Environmental Research Area, Grinnell College, Kellogg, IA (interior-loam); MAR: Iowa River Conservation Area, Marshalltown, IA (interior-sand); SCW: St. Croix Watershed Research Station, Marine-on-St. Croix, MN (edge-loam) NOTE: this site was planted later than the others due to replanting after planting at a first site (UM ag fields) failed; CC: Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve, Univ. of Minnesota, East Bethel, MN (edge-sand); KEN: Kensington Runestone Park, Kensington, MN (beyond-loam); IDA: Lake Ida, 3223 Sahara LN NW (property of Sheila Stanton), Alexandria, MN (beyond-sand). Data collected include early-season survival, which includes both germination and survival for the first two weeks, about 3-4 weeks after planting. About eight weeks after planing, I collected data on mid-season survival, reproductive stage, height, leaf number, and collected the top-most fully expanded leaf to calculate SLA. At the end of the growing season, I recorded height, branch number and collected a subsample of ~10% of the seedpods on a plant.