Data for: Firm ownership, China's export related emissions, and the responsibility issue

Abstract of associated article: China's CO2 emissions and those embodied in its exports have been extensively studied. One often neglected aspect is the prevalence of foreign-invested enterprises (FIEs) in China's exports, for which a substantial portion of benefits return to the investing countries. In this paper, we revisit China's export-related CO2 emission responsibilities by viewing them from a “new”, gross national income perspective. Using a recently developed environmental input–output framework, one which distinguishes firms by ownership and trade mode, we find that China's CO2 emissions responsibility for each Yuan of national income from FIE exports, is actually higher than that attributable to Chinese owned enterprise (COE) exports. The result has a somewhat surprising implication: it suggests another source of conflict between China's and global interest in reducing CO2 emissions. From a purely Chinese (as opposed to global) standpoint, a higher share of exports by COEs rather than FIEs is favorable, even though COEs emit more CO2 when producing each unit of exports. This finding should sound an additional warning to those who still think that global climate change mitigation can be effectively pursued by allocating country-by-country emissions responsibility.相关论文摘要：中国二氧化碳排放及其出口内涵碳排放已得到广泛研究。其中一个常被忽视的维度是，外商投资企业（foreign-invested enterprises, FIEs）在中国出口中占据显著份额，其创造的收益有相当一部分回流至投资母国。本文基于“全新”的国民总收入视角，重新审视中国出口相关的二氧化碳排放责任。本文采用新近开发的区分企业所有制与贸易模式的环境投入产出分析框架，研究发现：外商投资企业出口每创造1元国民收入所对应的中国碳排放责任，实则高于内资企业（Chinese owned enterprises, COEs）出口。这一结论蕴含着一个颇具意外性的启示：它揭示了中国与全球在二氧化碳减排议题上的利益冲突的又一来源。仅从中国自身而非全球视角出发，提升内资企业出口占比而非外商投资企业出口占比更符合中国利益——尽管内资企业每单位出口的碳排放量更高。对于仍认为通过国别分配排放责任即可有效推进全球气候减缓的群体而言，这一发现再次敲响了警钟。