Testing the species–genetic diversity correlation in the Aegean archipelago: towards a haplotype-based macroecology?

A positive correlation between species and genetic diversity (SGDC) has been proposed, consistent with neutral predictions in macroecology. We assessed the SGDC in tenebrionid beetle communities of the Aegean archipelago on fifteen islands of different sizes, distances to mainland, and ages of isolation. Alpha- and beta-diversity of species and haplotypes were assessed using sequences of >1000 individuals (mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I and nuclear Muscular Protein 20) to test the SGDC. We show that: (i) there is a strong species-area and haplotype-area relationship; (ii) species richness in island communities is correlated with intraspecific genetic diversity in the constituent species except when island size or distance to mainland are factored out in partial correlations; (iii) community similarity declines exponentially at an increasing rate when calculated based on species, nuclear and mtDNA haplotypes; and (iv) distance decay of community similarity is slower in dispersive ...物种与遗传多样性间的正相关关系（SGDC，即Species-Genetic Diversity Correlation）已被提出，该结论与宏观生态学中的中性理论预测相符。我们针对爱琴海群岛15个面积、与大陆距离及隔离时长各异的岛屿上的拟步甲科（Tenebrionidae）甲虫群落开展了SGDC相关验证。研究通过1000余头个体的线粒体细胞色素氧化酶I（Cytochrome Oxidase I，COI）与核肌肉蛋白20（Muscular Protein 20，MP20）序列，对物种与单倍型的α多样性和β多样性进行了评估，以此检验SGDC。结果显示：（1）存在显著的物种-面积关系与单倍型-面积关系；（2）岛屿群落的物种丰富度与组成物种的种内遗传多样性呈显著相关，但在偏相关分析中控制岛屿面积或与大陆的距离这两个变量后，该相关性不再显著；（3）基于物种、核基因单倍型及线粒体DNA单倍型计算的群落相似性呈指数衰减，且衰减速率随相似性降低而逐步提升；（4）基于扩散能力较强的类群计算的群落相似性，其距离衰减速率更为缓慢……