1997 AVHRR images for the US-GLOBEC Georges Bank Program from the NOAA-14 satellite in the Georges Bank and Gulf of Maine areas (GB project)
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<p> </p> <p>AVHRR SST Images Satellite-derived AVHRR SST images for the US-GLOBEC Georges Bank Program study domain (combined Gulf of Maine & Georges Bank area):</p> <p> 39.114 - 45.504 degree North latitude, 63.510 - 72.156 degree West longitude,</p> <p>1 October 1993 - 2003. </p> <p>Data Provider: Dr. J. J. Bisagni, Department of Estuarine & Ocean Sciences, University of Massachusetts/Dartmouth, 200 Mill Rd., Suite 325 Fairhaven, MA 02719 508-910-6328. E-mail: <a href=\"mailto:jbisagni@umassd.edu\">jbisagni@umassd.edu</a>.</p> <p>Summary of Satellites Available, by Year</p> <table border=\"1\"> <tbody> <tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Satellite</th> </tr> <tr> <td>1993</td> <td>NOAA-11</td> </tr> <tr> <td>1994</td> <td>NOAA-11 (January - September), NOAA-9 (September - December)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>1995</td> <td>NOAA-9, NOAA-14</td> </tr> <tr> <td>1996</td> <td>NOAA-14</td> </tr> <tr> <td>1997</td> <td>NOAA-14</td> </tr> <tr> <td>1998</td> <td>NOAA-14</td> </tr> <tr> <td>1999</td> <td>NOAA-14, NOAA-15 (starting in December)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>2000</td> <td>NOAA-14, NOAA-15 (January - July), NOAA-16 (October - December)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>2001</td> <td>NOAA-14 (mostly bad, use NOAA-15), NOAA-15 (October - December), NOAA-16</td> </tr> <tr> <td>2002</td> <td> <p>NOAA-14 (still mostly bad, use NOAA-15), NOAA-15 (January - October), NOAA-16</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>2003</td> <td>NOAA-16, NOAA-17</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <h4>Notes</h4> <ul> <li>The image aspect ratio is now correct. The images should be square. This problem within the IDL engine was solved November 2007 by switching to the ferret application to generate the images.</li> <li>Images are 512 X 512 pixels, possess a resolution of 1.4 km and are displayed as .GIF images.</li> <li>The archive "switches" from NOAA-11 to NOAA-9 during September 1994 due to the NOAA-11 failure in September 1994.</li> <li>Starting in 1994, all NOAA-9, -12 and -14 overpasses are remapped to the above domain and added to the archive on a daily basis.</li> <li>At the end of each month, all the month's images are precision navigated to within 1-2 pixels (1.4-2.8 km). NOAA-12 and -14 data are then saved to tape and deleted, due to calibration problems with NOAA-12 and -14 and to conserve disk space.</li> <li>During the initial data acquisition time, images from the current month may possessed navigation errors of up to 3-5 pixels or more in the X and/or Y directions.</li> <li>Starting August 2002, images from NOAA-17 ("b") became available. They seem to have replaced the NOAA-14 ("f") images.</li> <li>The colorbar used is derived from so-called Pete's Palette, or pete24, and converted to an equivalent palette in the ferret scheme. (See <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://globec.whoi.edu/globec-dir/data_doc/petespalette.txt\">petespalette.spk</a>.</li> </ul> <h4>Additional Information About Image Processing</h4> <p>All daily NOAA-11 Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer satellite passes from 1 October 1993 on (generally 2 passes per day) have been remapped (earth-located) to our Georges Bank/Gulf of Maine "standard" region (given below) in a Mercator projection. Our standard region is bounded by:</p> <ul> <li>39.114 - 45.504 degree North latitude, and</li> <li>63.510 - 72.156 degree West longitude.</li> </ul> <p>Precision navigation of each image to within 1 or 2 pixels has begun with the image file names receiving a ".nav" file extension when navigation is completed. Be aware that "un- navigated" images (".rmp" file extension) may possess navigation errors of up to 6 or 7 pixels in the meridional and/or zonal directions. Note that only ".nav" files are being served here at this time.</p> <p>Daily remapping and weekly backups of these data will continue until after completion of the GLOBEC and Gulf of Maine field programs are completed. Each of these images are in University of Miami XDR04 format, consisting of an 8-bit, 512 X 512 pixel binary image, preceded by three 512-byte header records. The size of each image file (in uncompressed form) is ~250K bytes.</p> <p>Up until July 2012, these images were uncompressed and converted from DSP compressed files to gif images via the ferret application for display by your favorite browser, such as Firefox, Internet Explorer, and Safari. Starting July 29, 2012, the gif images were served from files converted to gif images in a batch operation by Kent Gardner at UMass/Dartmouth and served online without using ferret.</p> <p>The center latitude is 42.309 degrees North and the center longitude<br /> is 67.830 degrees West. The slope and Y-intercept for converting the 8-bit image byte values to SST in degrees Centegrade are 0.125 and 0, respectively.</p> <p>The equation information (slope + intercept) are IDENTICAL for both the OI and realtime images, with SSTs going from 0 through 31.875 degrees Centigrade.</p> <h4>XBrowse Software</h4> <p>Near real-time, daily, satellite-derived sea surface temperature (SST) data, which cover Georges Bank and the Gulf of Maine were also available for browsing over the Internet in the Xbrowse format. However, this software is no longer available.</p> <h4>DODS/OPeNDAP System</h4> <p>These images are no longer viewable via DODS which has been replaced by OPeNDAP. The images cannot be viewable via OPeNDAP either, since the University of Miami's DSP format is no longer supported.</p> <h4>Downloading the image</h4> <p>You can capture the gif image as most browsers have that capability. In addition, you can download the DSP compressed file for your onw use using the link on the web page. Please <a href=\"mailto:jbisagni@umassd.edu?subject=Request%20for%20satellite%20images\">contact</a> Dr. James Bisagni directly. </p> <hr /> <p><i>Last edited: August 8, 2012</i></p>
### 先进甚高分辨率辐射计海表温度（Sea Surface Temperature, SST）图像数据集 本数据集包含针对美国全球海洋生态系统动力学研究（US-GLOBEC）乔治浅滩计划研究区域（缅因湾与乔治浅滩联合区域）的卫星衍生先进甚高分辨率辐射计（Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer, AVHRR）海表温度图像： 研究区域范围：北纬39.114°至45.504°，西经63.510°至72.156°；时间范围：1993年10月1日至2003年。 数据提供者：马萨诸塞大学达特茅斯分校河口与海洋科学系J. J. Bisagni博士，地址：200 Mill Road, 325室, 费尔黑文, MA 02719，电话：508-910-6328，邮箱：jbisagni@umassd.edu。 #### 按年份统计的可用卫星概况 | 年份 | 可用卫星 | |------|----------| | 1993 | NOAA-11 | | 1994 | NOAA-11（1月-9月）、NOAA-9（9月-12月） | | 1995 | NOAA-9、NOAA-14 | | 1996 | NOAA-14 | | 1997 | NOAA-14 | | 1998 | NOAA-14 | | 1999 | NOAA-14、NOAA-15（12月起） | | 2000 | NOAA-14、NOAA-15（1月-7月）、NOAA-16（10月-12月） | | 2001 | NOAA-14（多数数据无效，建议使用NOAA-15）、NOAA-15（10月-12月）、NOAA-16 | | 2002 | NOAA-14（多数数据无效，建议使用NOAA-15）、NOAA-15（1月-10月）、NOAA-16 | | 2003 | NOAA-16、NOAA-17 | #### 备注 1. 图像纵横比现已修正，应为正方形。2007年11月，通过切换至Ferret应用生成图像，解决了交互式数据语言（Interactive Data Language, IDL）引擎中的该问题。 2. 图像分辨率为512×512像素，空间分辨率1.4 km，以.GIF格式存储。 3. 由于1994年9月NOAA-11卫星发生故障，本数据集档案于1994年9月期间从NOAA-11切换至NOAA-9。 4. 自1994年起，所有NOAA-9、-12及-14卫星的过境数据均被重映射至上述研究区域，并每日归档至本数据集。 5. 每月月末，当月所有图像将被精导航至1-2像素的误差范围内（对应1.4-2.8 km）。鉴于NOAA-12和-14存在定标问题，且为节省磁盘空间，相关数据将被磁带存档并删除。 6. 在初始数据采集阶段，当月图像可能在X和/或Y方向存在最高达3-5像素甚至更多的导航误差。 7. 自2002年8月起，NOAA-17（标识“b”）的图像开始可用，其似乎取代了NOAA-14（标识“f”）的图像。 8. 所用色标源自所谓的“Pete's Palette”（即pete24），并转换为Ferret方案中的等效色标。（详见<http://globec.whoi.edu/globec-dir/data_doc/petespalette.txt>） #### 图像处理补充信息 自1993年10月1日起，所有NOAA-11先进甚高分辨率辐射计的每日过境数据（通常每日2次过境）均已被重映射（经地理定位）至乔治浅滩/缅因湾“标准”区域（详见下文），采用墨卡托投影。本标准区域的边界为： - 北纬39.114°至45.504° - 西经63.510°至72.156° 每张图像的精导航已实现1-2像素的误差范围，导航完成的图像文件将添加".nav"扩展名。请注意，未导航的图像（扩展名为".rmp"）可能在经向和/或纬向存在最高达6-7像素的导航误差。目前本平台仅提供".nav"格式的文件。 这些数据的每日重映射和每周备份将持续至GLOBEC与缅因湾野外计划完成。所有图像均采用迈阿密大学XDR04格式，由8位、512×512像素的二进制图像组成，前附3个512字节的头文件记录。未压缩的单张图像文件大小约为250 KB。 截至2012年7月，这些图像均为未压缩格式，通过Ferret应用将数字信号处理器（Digital Signal Processor, DSP）压缩文件转换为GIF图像，供浏览器（如Firefox、Internet Explorer及Safari）显示。自2012年7月29日起，马萨诸塞大学达特茅斯分校的Kent Gardner通过批量操作将图像转换为GIF格式并直接在线提供，不再依赖Ferret。 图像中心纬度为北纬42.309°，中心经度为西经67.830°。将8位图像字节值转换为摄氏海表温度的斜率和截距分别为0.125和0。 该转换公式（斜率+截距）对最优插值（Optimal Interpolation, OI）图像和实时图像均一致，海表温度范围为0至31.875摄氏度。 #### XBrowse浏览软件 此前，覆盖乔治浅滩与缅因湾的近实时每日卫星衍生海表温度数据，可通过Xbrowse格式在互联网上浏览。但该软件现已不再提供。 #### DODS/OPeNDAP系统 这些图像不再支持通过DODS查看，该系统已被OPeNDAP取代。但目前也无法通过OPeNDAP查看图像，因为迈阿密大学的DSP格式不再受支持。 #### 图像下载 您可通过大多数浏览器的自带功能捕获GIF图像。此外，您可通过网页上的链接下载DSP压缩文件供自用。如需协助，请直接联系James Bisagni博士，邮箱：<mailto:jbisagni@umassd.edu?subject=Request%20for%20satellite%20images>。 --- *最后编辑：2012年8月8日*
