SEPSIS: EARLY RECOGNITION, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, MODERN TREATMENT APPROACHES, AND PREVENTION

Sepsis is a life-threatening medical condition caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, resulting in organ dysfunction and potentially death. It represents one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, affecting millions of individuals each year. Despite significant advances in critical care medicine, sepsis remains a major global health challenge due to its complex pathophysiology, diverse clinical presentation, and rapid progression. Early recognition and timely intervention are essential for improving patient outcomes. Recent developments in diagnostics, antimicrobial therapy, hemodynamic management, and intensive care practices have contributed to improved survival rates. This article reviews the pathophysiology of sepsis, emphasizes the importance of early recognition, discusses contemporary treatment strategies, and explores preventive measures aimed at reducing the burden of this critical condition.