Data for: Exploring the capability to reason backwards: An experimental study with children, adolescents, and young adults

Abstract of associated article: This is the first study investigating the development of the capability to reason backwards in children, adolescents, and young adults aged 6 to 23 under controlled laboratory conditions. The experimental design employs a modified version of the race game. As in the original game, subjects need to apply backward analysis in order to solve the games. We find that subjects’ capability to reason backwards improves with age, but that this process systematically differs across genders. Our repetition of the games indicates that differences exist also in learning between age groups and across genders.相关研究论文摘要：本研究为首个在受控实验室条件下，探究6至23岁儿童、青少年与青年群体逆向推理能力发展规律的研究。本实验采用改良版竞速博弈游戏（race game），与原版游戏规则一致，被试需运用逆向分析策略以完成该任务。研究发现，被试的逆向推理能力随年龄增长而提升，但该能力的发展进程存在系统性性别差异。重复施测该博弈任务的结果显示，不同年龄组及不同性别群体在学习表现上亦存在显著差异。