Queensland Groundwater Dependent Ecosystems and Shallowest Watertable Aquifer 20150714

## **Abstract** \n\nThis dataset and its metadata statement were supplied to the Bioregional Assessment Programme by a third party and are represented here as originally supplied.\n\n\n\nGroundwater dependent ecosystems (GDEs) are ecosystems that are dependent on the discharge of groundwater on a permanent or intermittent basis to meet all or some of their water requirements so as to maintain their communities of plants and animals, ecological processes and ecosystem services. This dataset contains five feature classes that describe the distribution of known and potential GDEs across the landscape. Information about the location and extent of known and potential GDEs was sourced from expert knowledge, literature and existing datasets. The complete set of GDE feature classes is: 1. Surface expression GDE points v01_3, 2. Surface expression GDE lines v01_3, 3. Surface expression GDE areas v01_3, 4. Terrestrial GDE areas v01_3, 5. Subterranean GDE areas v01_0. As the different types of GDEs represent different overlapping layers or cross-sections of the landscape, it is recommended that the datasets be displayed in the order of listing shown above (i.e. surface expression GDE points on top) to maintain logical consistency and assist visualisation. \n\nShallowest watertable aquifer mapping identifies the extent and key characteristics of the shallowest watertable aquifers in a landscape. Watertable aquifers are unconfined geological formations that store and transmit groundwater. There may be other deeper aquifers not captured in this mapping (e.g. confined aquifers). Shallowest watertable aquifer mapping has been characterised according to a range of criteria including confinement, geology, porosity, groundwater flow system, salinity, pH, recharge process, temporal and spatial connectivity with surface ecosystems, etc. \n\nThe shallowest watertable aquifer mapping consists of 1 data set which can be viewed independently or complementary to Queensland's GDE mapping.\n\n## **Purpose** \n\nThe GDE mapping identifies the distribution and type of ecosystems across the landscape that may be dependent on either the surface presence or sub-surface presence of groundwater. This dataset contains five feature classes that describe the distribution of known and potential GDEs across the landscape. \n\n\n\nThe Shallowest watertable aquifer mapping identifies the extent and key characteristics of the shallowest watertable aquifers in a landscape and their potential to support GDEs. The shallowest watertable aquifer mapping consists of 1 data set which can be viewed independently or complementary to Queensland's GDE mapping\n\n## **Dataset History** \n\nLineage statement:\n\nLinework to delineate the GDE extent was sourced from the following datasets (held by the Queensland Herbarium, Department of Science, Information Technology and Innovation): 1. Queensland Wetland Data Wetlands Mapping (2009 extent, Version 3.0) 2. Vegetation Communities and Regional Ecosystems (REs) of Queensland (2011 extent, version 8.0 for Lake Eyre catchments and 2009 extent, Version 7.0 for all other surveyed catchments). Although the wetlands linework was typically used to represent surface expression GDEs and regional ecosystems linework typically used to represent terrestrial GDEs, this was not always the case. Non-wetland regional ecosystems have been used to delineate areas that may potentially contain surface expression GDEs such as geological contact zones where springs may be not detected as a wetland in current wetlands mapping due to their small size. ATTRIBUTION The attribution for this dataset was sourced from expert knowledge, literature and existing spatial datasets. Information about the location and extent of groundwater was collected at GDE workshops held for the Murray-Darling Basin, Wide Bay- Burnett, Pumicestone Passage, Mackay-Whitsunday, South East Queensland, Lake Eyre Basin, Cooper Basin and Galilee Basin mapping areas. Information collected from regional staff and other experts with local knowledge of groundwater included the location of wetlands, springs and stream baseflow. Known and potential GDEs were identified in the GDE workshops and this is attributed in the data with the level of confidence (i.e. high, moderate or low) in the knowledge about the GDE. An important part of the information collection at the GDE workshops included the capture of pictorial conceptual models which are representations of observed objects, phenomena and processes in a logical and objective way with the aim of constructing a formal system whose theoretical consequences are not contrary to what is observed in the real world. These pictorial conceptual models will be hyperlinked to the GDE spatial data to aid the interpretation of the data. For more information refer to the GDE pictorial conceptual models. Another key part of the information collected was the identification of GDE decision rules that described combinations of conditions where ecosystems are or are likely to be dependent on groundwater at a specific site or local area according to expert knowledge. GDE decision rules may include descriptions of conditions such as geology, vegetation, topographic position, elevation and rainfall zones. These decision rules were subsequently categorised and combined into GDE mapping rule-sets in preparation for their application using geographic information system (GIS) technology. A GDE mapping rule-set is a combination of related decision rules with similar groundwater dependent ecosystem drivers and processes that when applied to spatial data sets through GIS analysis delineate where ecosystems are or are likely to be dependent on groundwater. These GDE mapping rule-sets are used to determine the 'derived' potential GDEs that make up the majority of the GDE mapping. \n\nThe surface GDE points data-set is derived from the Queensland Springs Database and is produced on a state-wide basis. \n\nLinework to delineate the shallowest watertable aquifer was sourced from landzone obtained from Regional Ecosystems (REs) of Queensland (2011 extent, version 8.0 for Lake Eyre catchments and 2009 extent, Version 7.0 for South East Queensland catchments) utilizing the same expert knowledge that formulated the GDE mapping rule-sets.\n\nSource:\n\nDepartment of Environment and Heritage Protection\n\n## **Dataset Citation** \n\nQueensland Herbarium, Department of Science, Information Technology, Innovation and the Arts (2015) Queensland Groundwater Dependent Ecosystems and Shallowest Watertable Aquifer 20150714. Bioregional Assessment Source Dataset. Viewed 07 December 2018, http://data.bioregionalassessments.gov.au/dataset/3d36e3d4-b16b-43b3-b2eb-c1aea7ef9193.

## 摘要

本数据集及其元数据声明由第三方提供给生物区域评估计划（Bioregional Assessment Programme），本文原样呈现其原始提交版本。

地下水依赖生态系统（Groundwater Dependent Ecosystems, GDEs）指长期或间歇依赖地下水排泄以满足全部或部分水分需求，从而维持动植物群落、生态过程与生态系统服务的生态系统。本数据集包含5个要素类，用于描述研究区内已知及潜在GDEs的分布。已知与潜在GDEs的位置及范围信息源自专家知识、文献资料与现有数据集。完整的GDE要素类如下：1. 地表表现型GDE点（v01_3版本）；2. 地表表现型GDE线（v01_3版本）；3. 地表表现型GDE面（v01_3版本）；4. 陆地GDE面（v01_3版本）；5. 地下GDE面（v01_0版本）。由于不同类型的GDEs对应研究区内不同的重叠图层或断面，为保持逻辑一致性并辅助可视化，建议按照上述列表顺序加载数据集（即地表表现型GDE点置于最上层）。

浅部含水层制图用于识别研究区内浅部含水层的范围与关键特征。潜水含水层（unconfined aquifer）为存储并输送地下水的非承压地质构造。本制图可能未涵盖其他更深的含水层（例如承压含水层（confined aquifer））。浅部含水层制图依据一系列标准进行特征刻画，包括承压性、地质、孔隙度、地下水流动系统、盐度、pH值、补给过程、与地表生态系统的时空连通性等。

本次提交的浅部含水层制图数据集共1套，可独立查看，亦可作为昆士兰州GDE制图的补充数据。

## 目的

GDE制图用于识别研究区内依赖地下水地表赋存或地下赋存的生态系统分布与类型。本数据集包含5个要素类，用于描述研究区内已知及潜在GDEs的分布。

浅部含水层制图用于识别研究区内浅部含水层的范围与关键特征，及其支撑GDEs的潜在能力。本次提交的浅部含水层制图数据集共1套，可独立查看，亦可作为昆士兰州GDE制图的补充数据。

## 数据集历史

### 谱系声明

用于划定GDE范围的线要素源自以下数据集（由昆士兰州植物标本馆、科学、信息技术与创新部持有）：1. 昆士兰州湿地数据湿地制图（2009年范围，3.0版本）；2. 昆士兰州植被群落与区域生态系统（REs）（2011年范围，艾尔湖流域采用8.0版本，其余受调查流域采用2009年范围7.0版本）。尽管通常以湿地线要素表征地表表现型GDEs，以区域生态系统线要素表征陆地GDEs，但该规则并非始终适用。非湿地型区域生态系统被用于划定可能包含地表表现型GDEs的区域，例如因规模过小而未在现有湿地制图中被识别为湿地的地质接触带及泉水分布区。

#### 归属声明

本数据集的归属信息源自专家知识、文献资料与现有空间数据集。针对墨累-达令盆地、宽湾-伯内特地区、帕姆斯通通道、麦凯-惠特桑迪地区、昆士兰州东南部、艾尔湖盆地、库珀盆地与加里利盆地的制图区域，通过举办GDE研讨会收集了GDE相关的地下水位置与范围信息。来自区域工作人员与具备当地地下水知识的其他专家的信息包括湿地、泉水与河道基流的位置。在GDE研讨会上确定了已知与潜在GDEs，并在数据中标注了关于GDE认知的置信度等级（即高、中、低）。

GDE研讨会信息收集的一项重要内容是捕获可视化概念模型，该模型以逻辑与客观的方式呈现观测对象、现象与过程，旨在构建一个理论结果与真实世界观测结果不矛盾的形式化系统。此类可视化概念模型将被超链接至GDE空间数据，以辅助数据解译。更多信息请参阅GDE可视化概念模型。

本次收集信息的另一核心内容是确定GDE决策规则，该规则描述了依据专家知识，特定地点或局部区域内生态系统依赖或可能依赖地下水的条件组合。GDE决策规则可涵盖地质、植被、地形位置、海拔与降雨带等条件描述。这些决策规则随后被分类并整合为GDE制图规则集，为通过地理信息系统（Geographic Information System, GIS）技术开展应用做准备。GDE制图规则集是一组具有相似地下水依赖生态系统驱动因子与过程的相关决策规则的组合，通过GIS分析应用于空间数据集后，可划定生态系统依赖或可能依赖地下水的区域。此类GDE制图规则集被用于确定构成GDE制图主体的衍生潜在GDEs。

地表GDE点数据集源自昆士兰州泉水数据库，并以州级尺度编制完成。

用于划定浅部含水层范围的线要素源自昆士兰州区域生态系统（REs）的土地分区数据（2011年范围，艾尔湖流域采用8.0版本，昆士兰州东南部流域采用2009年范围7.0版本），并采用了与制定GDE制图规则集相同的专家知识。

#### 数据来源

环境与遗产保护部

## 数据集引用

昆士兰州植物标本馆、科学、信息技术、创新与艺术部（2015）：昆士兰州地下水依赖生态系统与浅部含水层20150714。生物区域评估源数据集。2018年12月7日查阅，http://data.bioregionalassessments.gov.au/dataset/3d36e3d4-b16b-43b3-b2eb-c1aea7ef9193。