juliensimon/esa-rosetta-observations

该数据集是欧洲空间局（ESA）罗塞塔任务对彗星67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko的完整观测元数据目录，包含来自15个仪器的8,214,033条观测记录。罗塞塔任务于2004年发射，是首个环绕彗星（2014年8月）并部署菲莱着陆器实现首次彗核软着陆（2014年11月）的航天器，在为期两年的伴飞阶段详细研究了彗星的核、彗发和等离子体环境，见证了彗星接近和远离太阳的过程。数据集源自ESA行星科学档案（PSA），符合EPN-TAP标准，每行代表一次观测或数据单元，包含时间、空间覆盖、仪器参数和访问URL等信息。关键科学发现包括ROSINA质谱仪在彗发中检测到分子氧和甘氨酸（一种氨基酸），这对理解太阳系化学以及地球上水和前生物分子的起源有深远意义。数据格式为Parquet，适用于表格分类任务，涵盖多个仪器配置如ROSINA、OSIRIS、RPC等。Complete observation metadata catalog from the ESA Rosetta mission to Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko — 8,214,033 observations across 15 instruments. Rosetta was ESAs groundbreaking mission to Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Launched in 2004, it became the first spacecraft to orbit a comet (August 2014) and deployed the Philae lander for the first-ever soft landing on a comet nucleus (November 2014). The mission studied the comets nucleus, coma, and plasma environment in unprecedented detail over a 2-year escort phase, witnessing the comets approach to and retreat from the Sun. Rosettas ROSINA mass spectrometer detected molecular oxygen and glycine (an amino acid) in the coma — findings with profound implications for our understanding of Solar System chemistry and the origin of water and prebiotic molecules on Earth. OSIRIS captured stunning images of 67Ps bilobed nucleus revealing active pits, cliffs, and dust jets. This dataset contains the full observation metadata from the ESA Planetary Science Archive (PSA), conforming to the EPN-TAP standard. Each row represents one observation or data granule, with timing, spatial coverage, instrument parameters, and access URLs.