Parkes observations for project P858 semester 2014OCTS61

SUPERB is a large-scale survey for pulsars and extragalactic radio bursts. It will uses optimised GPU codes to search for pulsars and fast radio bursts (FRBs), making discoveries in real time. Handling our data as it comes in is essential for the SKA Phase I era so this work applies directly to the high-data rates of next generation telescopes. The pulsars discovered will enable studies of the interstellar medium, allow us to more accurately constrain the MSP luminosity function (which informs estimates of the SKA yield of MSPs), tests of theories of gravity and several will contribute to the precision timing projects of the PPTA. The FRBs discovered will have much more associated information than all previous detections. Firstly the discovery lag will be ~1 second, rather than months/years. The Parkes observations will be shadowed by the Molonglo telescope to allow, for the first time, localisation of FRBs, and a host of optical and high-energy telescopes will then be triggered as appropriate. This is key for identifying FRB host galaxies, so as to solve the mystery of their progenitors. The survey will discover ~20 MSPs, ~100 slower pulsars and ~10 FRBs.SUPERB是一项针对脉冲星与河外射电爆发的大规模巡天项目。该项目将采用优化后的图形处理器（Graphic Processing Unit, GPU）代码开展脉冲星与快速射电暴（fast radio bursts, FRBs）的搜寻工作，实现实时天体发现。在平方公里阵列（Square Kilometre Array, SKA）第一阶段的运行范式中，对实时传入的数据进行处理至关重要，因此本项目的技术方案可直接适配下一代望远镜的高数据速率需求。本次巡天发现的脉冲星将可用于星际介质研究，帮助我们更精准地限定毫秒脉冲星（millisecond pulsar, MSP）的光度函数（该函数可为平方公里阵列毫秒脉冲星产额的预估提供依据），并用于检验引力理论；其中部分脉冲星还将助力帕克斯脉冲星计时阵列（Parkes Pulsar Timing Array, PPTA）的高精度计时项目。本次巡天发现的快速射电暴将拥有远多于此前所有探测案例的关联信息：其一，从观测到发现的时间延迟仅约1秒，而非此前的数月乃至数年。莫隆格洛望远镜（Molonglo Telescope）将对帕克斯望远镜的观测进行掩蔽，以此首次实现快速射电暴的精确定位；随后可根据实际需求触发大量光学与高能望远镜开展后续观测。这一技术对于快速射电暴宿主星系的识别至关重要，有助于揭开其起源天体的未解之谜。本次巡天预计将发现约20颗毫秒脉冲星、约100颗慢速脉冲星以及约10个快速射电暴。