New Rock Breaking Technology for Future Mining using SREMA

This thesis investigates the application of Slow Releasing Energy Material Agent (SREMA), a calcium oxide-based expansive cement, to enhance rock permeability in in-situ recovery (ISR) of critical minerals. ISR offers a sustainable alternative to conventional mining but faces limitations due to the low permeability of deep geological formations. SREMA induces controlled fracturing through hydration-driven expansion, enabling improved lixiviant flow and mineral recovery. Through experimental testing and numerical modeling, the study evaluates SREMA’s expansive behavior and fracture propagation under true-triaxial stress conditions. Results confirm its potential as a scalable, environmentally responsible stimulation method for future sustainable mineral extraction.