In vivo neutralization of lethality of some cobra and krait venoms by NPAV.

In the in vitro neutralization experiments, 5 LD50 of venom in 50 µL of saline was preincubated with 200 µL of NPAV for 30 min and then injected intravenously into mice (n = 4, 20–25 g). In the in vivo neutralization experiments, 5 LD50 of venom in 50 µL of saline was injected intramuscularly into mice (n = 4, 20–25 g), and 200 µL of NPAV was injected to the same mouse intravenously, 10 min later. The animals were monitored for 48 h. For LD50 and ED50, values in brackets are 95% CI.