Data from: The evolution of between-species reproductive interference capability under different within-species mating regimes

Sexual selection sometimes favors male traits that benefit their bearers, but harm their mates. The harmful effects of male traits may also extend to females of other species via heterospecific mating interactions. This could affect the coexistence of closely related species during secondary contact. We examined the evolution of the interspecific interfering capability of a beetle (Callosobruchus chinensis) with a congener (C. maculatus) using C. chinensis males reared under conditions of monogamy and polygamy for 17 generations. After experimental evolution, C. chinensis males reared under polygamous conditions imposed greater impacts on offspring production by C. maculatus females than did C. chinensis males reared under monogamous conditions. However, the mechanism by which differential mating regimes altered the effect of C. chinensis males on C. maculatus females was unclear, because we did not find evidence for the expected genital evolution in C. chinensis, despite their body size divergence. Our findings suggest that traits that originally evolved through sexual selection in two allopatric species could influence the coexistence of these species or the likelihood of reinforcement during secondary contact.性选择有时会青睐对携带者（雄性）自身有利，却会损害其配偶的性状。雄性性状的有害影响还可能通过异种交配互动，波及其他物种的雌性个体。这或许会影响近缘物种在次生接触过程中的共存情况。本研究以单配制和多配制环境下饲养17代的绿豆象（Callosobruchus chinensis）为对象，探究其与同属物种（C. maculatus）之间的种间干扰能力的演化。实验进化结束后，相较于单配制环境饲养的绿豆象雄性，多配制环境繁育的绿豆象雄性对C. maculatus雌性的后代产量造成的负面影响更为显著。不过，不同交配制度如何改变绿豆象雄性对C. maculatus雌性的影响机制仍未明确，因为尽管绿豆象出现了体型分化，但我们并未发现其生殖器演化符合预期的相关证据。本研究结果表明，原本通过性选择在两个异域物种种群中演化而来的性状，可能会影响这些物种的共存情况，或是次生接触过程中生殖强化的发生概率。