1 Intestinal microbiota sequencing 2 A preliminary study on probiotic additives for Whitespotted conger formula feed.

In summary, the present study indicated that the inclusion of 4% compound probiotics in the feed provided better growth performance, non-specific immunity, intestinal digestive enzyme activity, and regulated the homeostasis of intestinal microbiota of C. myriaster. At the same time, 4% compound probiotics improved the community richness and diversity of intestinal microbiota, and increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria. Both KEGG and COG functional prediction analyses revealed that the differential genes of intestinal microflora in the PI group were mainly annotated to functional pathways of Carbohydrate metabolism. The establishment of a beneficial gut microbiota can promote the healthy growth of C. myriaster. We provide a strong basis for further research into the formulation of compound probiotics additive in the feed of C. myriaster. Also, our findings provide a robust basis for further research to study the efficient and healthy rearing of C. myriaster in RAS. There is an increasing trend that compound probiotics were used in aquaculture, and the symbiotic relationships between probiotics are extremely complex and require further analysis through macrogenomics and metabolomics in future studies.