Increased reproductive investment associated with greater survival and longevity in Cassin’s auklets

Individuals increase lifetime reproductive output through a trade-off between investment in future survival and immediate reproductive success. This pattern may be obscured in certain higher quality individuals that possess greater reproductive potential. The Cassin’s auklet (Ptychoramphus aleuticus) is a long-lived species where some individuals exhibit greater reproductive ability through a behavior called double brooding. Here, we analyze 32 years of breeding histories from marked known-age auklets to test whether double brooding increases lifetime fitness despite the increased mortality and reduced lifespan higher reproductive effort would be expected to incur. Multistate mark-recapture modeling revealed that double brooding was strongly positively associated with higher annual survival and longevity. Mean (95% CI) apparent survival was 0.69 (0.21, 0.91) for individuals that executed a single brood and 0.96 (0.84, 0.99) for those that double brooded. Generalized linear mixed models ...个体通过权衡对未来存活的投入与当下繁殖成功的资源分配，提升终身繁殖产出。该模式在部分具备更高繁殖潜力的优质个体中可能被掩盖。卡辛氏海雀（Cassin's Auklet，学名*Ptychoramphus aleuticus*）是一种长寿命物种，部分个体可通过一种被称为双重育雏（double brooding）的行为展现出更强的繁殖能力。本研究通过分析32年来来自标记已知年龄海雀的繁殖历史数据，检验尽管更高的繁殖投入会带来预期的死亡率上升与寿命缩短，双重育雏是否仍能提升个体终身适合度（lifetime fitness）。多状态标记再捕获模型（multistate mark-recapture modeling）分析结果显示，双重育雏与更高的年存活率及寿命显著正相关。单次育雏个体的表观存活率均值（95%置信区间）为0.69（0.21, 0.91），而双重育雏个体的表观存活率均值为0.96（0.84, 0.99）。广义线性混合模型……